目的 探讨早期介入丹佛模式(early start Denver model,ESDM)的家庭治疗对孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童的干预效果.方法 选取2017年7月至2018年7月来吉林大学第一医院发育行为儿科进行诊断的2～5岁ASD儿童93例,将其随机分为密集干预组(46例)和家长培训组(47例).密集干预组接受ESDM密集训练,每天1h,共6个月.家长培训组接受该康复机构的家长培训(每次1h,每周1次),然后由家长在家中按教学计划进行每天1h的康复训练,并在日常生活中随机教学,共6个月.两组干预前及干预6个月后均进行孤独症行为量表(autism behavior checklist,ABC)、儿童孤独症评定量表(childhood autism rating scale,CARS)、孤独症治疗评估量表(autism treatment evaluation checklist,ATEC)、Gesell发育量表(Gesell developmental scale,GDS)的评估,比较两组的疗效.结果 干预6个月后,密集干预组与家长培训组两组ASD儿童的ABC总分、ABC的5个分区分值、CARS总分、AETC总分均较干预前下降,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05),两组GDS中5个能区的发育商(development quotient,DQ)值较干预前提高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).家长培训组干预后ABC总分、ABC量表中生活自理分区分值优于密集干预组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);密集干预组干预后CARS总分、GDS中语言能区DQ值优于家长培训组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).干预后密集干预组ABC量表中感觉分区、交往分区、躯体运动分区、语言分区分值、ATEC总分及GDS中适应性、大运动、精细动作、个人社交的DQ值未明显优于家长培训组,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 康复机构指导下的ESDM家庭治疗可明显改善ASD儿童的感觉、交往、运动、适应性、个人社交方面的能力,改善程度与康复机构密集训练相近.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of parental training based on the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) combined with intensive training on the treatment outcome of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its impact on parenting stress. METHODS:Seventy children aged 2-5 years who were diagnosed with ASD were enrolled in the study. They were divided into an ESDM group and a parental training group by the random number table method (n=35 each). The ESDM group received intensive training based on ESDM. In addition to intensive ESDM-based training, parents of the children in the parental training group received ESDM skills training. Both groups were assessed by Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) before and after the intervention of 3 months. RESULTS:After 3 months of intervention, the total scores of ABC, CARS and ATEC were both significantly decreased in the two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total scores of ABC, CARS and ATEC between the two groups before and after intervention (P>0.05). The change between ABC, CARS and ATEC total scores in the two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the total scores of PSI-SF were both significantly decreased in the two groups (P<0.05). The difficult child sub-scale scores in PSI-SF were significantly decreased in the ESDM group (P<0.05). While three sub-scale scores of parent distress, parent-child dysfunctional interaction and difficult child in PSI-SF were significantly decreased in the parental training group (P<0.05). Before and after intervention of 3 months, no significant difference was found in PSI-SF total scores between the two groups. Compared with the ESDM group, the change between PSI-SF total scores and two sub-scales of PSI-SF (parent distress and difficult child) were significantly bigger in the parental training group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both the combination of intensive training and parent training based on ESDM and ESDM intensive training alone can improve the core symptoms of children with ASD aged 2-5 years and relieve the parenting stress, however, the former is more effective in relieving parenting stress.

本文设计了一款手功能康复评估的装置,通过采集手部肌电信号和手指弯曲信号,并进行信号处理,来获得肌力等级和手指灵活度等级,可以为医生提供诊断信息,有利于手功能康复评估和跟踪观察.

目的 了解老年就诊患者临床营养就医需求,为优化医疗服务模式提供依据.方法 选取医院门诊就诊、住院治疗的老年患者发放调查问卷200份,调查老年就诊患者营养状况、营养影响因素以及对医疗机构医疗服务的需求,根据调查结果 优化医疗服务模式.结果200例老年患者中,98％患有一种或以上慢性疾病,94％的老年患者认为营养指导可以辅助治疗疾病,并能通过多种渠道获得营养知识,78.5％的老年患者认为自我营养状况不佳,100％的住院老年患者希望获得一对一的营养咨询指导及个性化食谱,71％的老年患者希望医院设立营养门诊.结论 进一步优化流程,建立一站式多学科综合诊疗服务模式,充分发挥临床营养师职能,加强老年患者健康管理,提升患者满意度.

The inelastic recovery behavior of DP780 steel was studied in continuous cyclic loadingunloading tensile tests.The composition of springback and the percentage of inelastic strain recovery of the steel were determined.Then,a mathematical model of unloading modulus and plastic strain was proposed.The model was verified by numerical simulation and experiment.It is shown that the plane anisotropy of DP780 steel is not obvious.The unloading and loading paths constitute a closed loop,which is formed due to the nonlinearity of the elastic modulus in the unloading and reloading cycles.With the increase of the pre-strain,the elastic modulus decreases rapidly,which then increases slowly and gradually tends to be stable after the pre-strain reaches 6％,the unloading elastic modulus decreases by 17％.The total unloading strain recovery is composed of elastic strain recovery and inelastic strain recovery,and the inelastic strain recovery can reach as high as 11％ of the total strainrecovery.The microstructures of DP780 steel were detected by SEM and TEM,and the microscopic mechanism of the inelastic recovery was revealed.It is shown that the plastic deformation and austenitic phase transformation cause the increase of dislocation density;the martensite dislocation moving obstacles lead to a large amount of dislocation pile-up and the movable dislocation bending,increasing the length of the dislocation line and additional elastic deformation.This results in significant inelastic recovery behavior.Integrating the model to the finite element simulation improves the accuracy of simulated springback and the mold springback compensation is more accurate.

In order to reduce the influence of seasonal drought on agricultural production in west Jilin Province ,the standardized precipitation index (S PI) was selected as meteorological drought index based on the monthly precipitation data collected from six sites in west Jilin Province during 1957 to 2010 .Daubechies wavelet method ,rescaled range analysis (RIS) ,and drought frequency method were applied to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of SPI .The results indicate that :winter drought of all over these sites presented a downward trend ,while autumn drought was just opposite to the trend of winter drought .The six sites show the persistent drought characteristics as follows :summer and autumn drought in Qian’an ,summer drought in Qianguo ,spring ,summer and autumn drought in Tongyu ,and summer drought in Changling .Fuyu is prone to spring drought ,Fuyu and Baicheng to summer drought ,Baicheng ,Tongyu ,Qian’an ,Qianguo and Changling to autumn drought ,and Fuyu ,Changling and Baicheng to winter drought . This paper provides a meteorlogical drought referrence for the western Jilin Province .

在塑性变形过程中,DP780钢的弹性模量会发生变化,这种变化会严重影响DP780钢板冲压成形的回弹量.为提供DP780钢板冲压回弹预测理论基础,通过循环加载-卸载-重新加载拉伸试验研究了DP780钢板的弹性模量在塑性变形过程中的变化规律.结果表明,塑性变形＜4.1％时,弹性模量快速下降,随后逐渐趋于稳定,弹性模量的最大降幅是29.86％;塑性变形为0.058时,非弹性回复应变占整个回复应变的比例可达14.34％.最后建立了弹性模量与塑性变形的数学模型.

汽车轻量化对汽车用钢提出新的挑战,各国均对高强度薄钢板应用于车身给予足够重视并进行深入研究.对高强度钢板的发展进行简要阐述,介绍了20世纪70年代开始相继开发出的强度高、力学性能优异、可塑性强的各类高强度钢板.同时介绍了正在探索的第3代高强度汽车用钢Q&P钢.

金属材料在卸载过程中会表现出复杂的非弹性回复行为.为推动轻量化材料在汽车工业上的应用,提高有限元模拟预测板料冲压成形回弹精度,介绍了国内外几种钢板在卸载过程中的卸载弹性模量与塑性应变的数学模型,指出了弹性模量降低是卸载过程中的非弹性回复行为的宏观表现,也是导致回弹预测偏小的主要原因,揭示了铝镁合金板材卸载时非弹性回复行为的微观机制.

Plastic mechanics theory was applied to carry out stress analysis on the defects existing in the drawing of a rail passenger car top plate. The optimization of supplementa-ry modeling and the control method of wing side reverse drawing were proposed; and then the influence law of different factors on the plate drawing springback and warping was ana-lyzed by using numerical simulation. The result shows that the process supplement of plate and the addition of wing side drawing process can effectively reduce the endwall warping and vault extension; and the enlargement of outside expanding amount of large curvature radius section, the increase of blank holder force and decrease of cavity die fillet radius can effectively reduce the warping springback amount. The drawing springback of plate can be controlled effectively by controlling of the fillet radius of wing side ejector plate in R4~R8 mm, the punch and die clearance in 1.6~2 mm, and the blank holder force of wing side less than 3000 kN.

Three types of typical automobile longitudinal beam with irregular and complex cross-section were analyzed based on simulation software Pam-stamp 2G. The spring-back values before and after the change of die clearance were compared; the reasonable die clearance and the optimum reducing amount of clearance was then achieved. The influence of die clearance on the spring-back was studied, and the experimental verification of typi-cal parts was conducted which concludes that the change of die clearance can effectively reduce the spring-back.

采用PAM-STAMP 2G 2011软件对车门防撞梁热冲压成形过程进行了数值模拟分析.通过对高温冲压阶段的模拟,分析了压边力、摩擦系数、模具间隙对板料成形性能的影响;通过对保压淬火阶段的模拟,预测了淬火效果,验证了模型的可行性.实际生产试验与模拟结果吻合,表明数值模拟可以对超高强度钢热冲压成形过程进行准确分析,为板料成形的设计和生产提供可靠依据.

目的:制备二甲基砜/聚乙烯醇(MSM/PVA)水凝胶,评价其生物学特性,探讨不同MSM含量的MSM/PVA水凝胶作为人工敷料的可行性.方法:采用反复冷冻法制备MSM/PVA水凝胶,采用场发射环境电子显微镜观察其微观结构,并检测其脱水率、二次溶胀率、水蒸气透过率、MSM损失量及释放量,采用MTT法检测MSM/PVA水凝胶敷料浸提液于490 nm波长处的吸光度(A)值,并计算细胞增殖抑制率.采用HE染色法检测MSM/PVA水凝胶敷料对豚鼠烫伤创面愈合的影响.结果:以12％的PVA水凝胶为载体制备MSM/PVA水凝胶,扫描电镜下MSM/PVA水凝胶具有致密的多空孔结构.不同MSM含量(0.01％、0.10％、1.00％和10.00％)的MSM/PVA组与PVA组比较,脱水率、二次溶胀率和水蒸气透过率差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05)；电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP)检测,MSM在水凝胶中含量在80％以上；MSM/PVA水凝胶中MSM缓慢释放；MSM/PVA各组MSM释放率比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05)；MSM/PVA各组A值与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05)；0.10％MSM/PVA组A值与PVA组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；光镜下0.10％、1.00％和10.00％ MSM/PVA组30 d后豚鼠烫伤创面的愈合情况较好.结论:MSM/PVA水凝胶具有较好的生物学活性,MSM含量为0.10％和1.00％的MSM/PVA水凝胶更有利于小鼠成纤维细胞L929的增殖和烫伤豚鼠创面的愈合；MSM含量为0.10％和1.00％时,MSM/PVA水凝胶可作为人工敷料,对皮肤烫伤修复有促进作用.

Objective To investigate the association between monoamine oxidase A ( MAOA) gene rs5906893, rsl 137070 polymorphism and violent behavior. Methods The methods of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)was conducted to detect rs5906893 and rsl 137070 single nucleotide polymorphism loci of MAOA gene of in a 92 prison staff ( case group) and 101 normal controls ( control group) . The association between the polymorphisms and violent behavior was analyzed with SPSS13.0. The UNPHASED program was applied to perform the combined effect analysis of the paired SNPs. Results MAOA gene rs5906893 of CC genotype frequency in the case group and the control group were 63. 0% and 63. 4% ,TT genotype frequency were 37. 0% and 36.6% , no significant differences were found between the two groups (P>0.05). MAOA gene rsl 137070 of CC genotype frequency were 40.2% and 36.6% ,TT genotype frequency were 59. 8% and 63.4% ,and no significant differences were found between the case and the control (P>0. 05). The results of the combined effect analysis showed that rs5906893-rsl 137070 was associated with violent behavior(P=0.002 ). Conclusion MAOA gene rs5906893, rs1137070 polymorphism may be not associated with violent behavior. But the combined effect analysis showed that the haplotype of the paired SNPs was associated with violent behavior.

目的:对吉林西部草原小尾寒羊肉进行评定分析,为吉林省西部草原小尾寒羊的开发和利用提供科学依据.方法:吉林省西部草原有4种草场类型:平原草甸草原草场类Ⅰ(1)型(羊草型)、平原草甸草原草场类Ⅰ(2)型(羊草+杂草型)、平原草甸草原草场类Ⅱ型和丘陵台地干草原草场类Ⅲ型.每种类型草场各采3只羊,共12只,取其背长肌、前肢臂三头肌和后肢股二头肌作为样品,检测样品肉中水分、灰分、蛋白质、脂肪、矿物元素及重金属含量.结果:吉林省西部草原4种草场类型小尾寒羊样品肉中蛋白质平均含量为(19.14±0.88)%;脂肪平均含量为(2.06±0.30)%,四种草场类型样品肉常规营养成分含量差异无显著性(P＞0.05);样品肉中矿物质元素含量丰富,四种草原类型间钾、镁、铁、镍、钼、锰和铬的含量差异无显著性(P＞0.05),钙、钠、磷、钴、铜、锌、硒、碘和硼的含量差异有显著性(P＜0.05);样品肉中重金属镉、砷、汞的含量符合无公害畜禽肉食品卫生国家标准;结论:吉林省西部草原小尾寒羊羊肉营养成分全面,能够提供丰富的优良蛋白质和矿物质,脂肪含量适中,食用安全.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 analog (JC003) on blood glucose and pancreatic functions of diabetes mellitus in rats. Methods: A total of 84 Wistar rats were used in this experiment. Diabetes mellitus animal models were induced with high-fat diet and injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotociul (STZ). After 14 d of JC003 therapy, the level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was detected with enzyme-chemical method. The level of serum insulin and C-peptide were measured with immunoradiometric assay method. Serial pancreatic sections were made and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (SABC). Results: After 14 d of JC003 injection, the level of FPG in medium-dose group (10 μg/kg) and high-dose group (100 μg/kg) was lower than that in diabetes mellitus (DM) group (P<0.01). The level of serum insulin and C-peptide of medium-dose group (10 μg/kg) and high-dose group (100 μg/kg) was higher than in DM group (P < 0. 05). JC003 could protect pancreatic islet from injury of STZ and increase insulin-expressing positive rate (P<0.01). Conclusion GLP-1 analog (JC003) can lower the level of blood glucose of diabetes mellitus through protecting pancreatic islet β cells and increasing insulin expression and secretion.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) analog on rats with experimental diabetes mellitus.Methods Eighty-four Wistar rats were divided randomly into normal control group,high fat forage group,low-dose GLP-1 analog group,middle-dose GLP-1 analog group,highdose GLP-1 analog group,diabetes mellitus model group and positive control group.Diabetes mellitus animal models were induced with high fat forage and injection of 40 mg·kg-1 STZ.After 7 and 14 d of GLP-1 analog therapy,the level of fasting plasma glucose(FPG) was detected with enzyme-chemical method.After 14 d of GLP1 analog therapy,the levels of serum total cholesterols(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein(LDL) and high-density lipoprotein(HDL) were detected with enzyme-chemical method.The levels of serum insulin and C-peptide were measured with immunoradiometric assay method.Results After 14 d of GLP-1 analog injection,food intake in high-dose GLP-1 analog(100 μg·kg-1)group was less than that in DM group(P0.01);Water intake in middle-dose GLP-1 analog(10 μg·kg-1) group and high dose(100 μg·kg-1)group were less than that in DM group(P0.01).There were no statistical differences of body weight between all therapeutic groups and DM group(P0.05).The levels of FPG in middle-dose GLP-1 analog(10 μg·kg-1 ) group and high dose(100 μg·kg-1)group were lower than that in DM group(P0.01).The level of TG in high-dose GLP-1 analog(100 μg·kg-1)group was lower than that in DM group(P0.01).The levels of LDL in middle-dose GLP1 analog(10 μg·kg-1) group and high dose(100 μg·kg-1)group were lower than that in DM group(P0.01).The levels of serum insulin and C-peptide in middle-dose GLP-1 analog(10 μg·kg-1) group and high dose(100 μg·kg-1)group were higher than that in DM group(P0.05).Conclusion GLP-1 analog can paly an important role in treatment of experimental diabetes mellitus through multiple ways.

目的 探讨金属硫蛋白(MT)1E基因多态性与2型糖尿病(T2DM)的关系.方法 采用PCR-RFLP法检测149例T2DM患者和244例正常对照者的MT1E基因上的一个SNP-rs 708274,应用SPSS统计学软件处理数据,进行统计学分析.结果 病例组和对照组等位基因T和G比较差异有显著性(x2=4.072,P＜0.05);TT,TG,GG三种基因型频数分布在病例组和对照组中存在差异(x2=8.252,P＜0.05).结论 在中国北方汉族人群中MT1E rs 708274位点基因多态性可能与T2DM相关.

目的 探讨胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)类似物对实验性糖尿病的细胞免疫功能的影响.方法 84只Wistar大鼠,采用高脂饲料饲养和注射40mg/kg STZ方法建立实验性糖尿病动物模型.GLP-1类似物治疗2 w后,采用酶化学方法检测空腹血糖;称量动物的体重和胸腺、脾脏的重量,计算胸腺指数和脾指数;通过MTT法观察淋巴细胞增殖,计算刺激指数(SI).结果 GLP-1类似物治疗2 w后,糖尿病模型组和各治疗组与正常对照组和高脂饲料组相比较胸腺指数存在显著性差异(P＜0.01);各组动物的脾指数之间没有显著性差异(P＞0.05).GLP-1类似物治疗2 w后,各组动物之间相比较淋巴转化指数无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 GLP-1类似物对糖尿病动物的细胞免疫功能没有明显的影响.