Silvopastoral systems have been proposed as a sustainable alternative for climate change mitigation, but quantitative information comparing with other systems is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the biotechnical, economic, and environmental impacts of conventional dairy production systems (CPS) and silvopastoral systems (SPS) in San Martin, Peru, using the CLEANED modeling tool. Notably, CLEANED does not explicitly model tree presence on farms. However, after downloading the tool, it was possible to model and precompute each farm’s characteristics based on input data, considering the exploitation mode outside the tool’s standard scope. This adaptation represents a significant contribution, showcasing how CLEANED can be tailored to evaluate SPS effectively. The analysis focused on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, water use per kg of product, changes in carbon storage, and economic performance. Silvopastoral systems had 3.63 kg CO2-eq/kg fat and protein-corrected milk (FPCM) lower emissions for CH4, 0.28 kg CO2 eq/kg FPCM lower for N2O, reduced water consumption (24 m3/kg protein produced) (P < 0.05), and higher carbon storage (3.48 t CO2-eq/ha/year) (P < 0.05) than CPS. Conventional systems derived 85
The article examines the conflict between the Jesuits and the Jansenists, and its reflection in the scientific legacy of the outstanding French thinker B. Pascal. The reasons for the popularity of his “Letters to the Provincial”, their insufficiently critical perception and the generally accepted assessment of the Jesuit and Jansenist polemics in the historical and philosophical space are noted. The reasons and causes of their confrontation are shown, which were connected not only with religious issues, in particular, with the attempt by the Jesuits to critically comprehend certain provisions of the strict morality of the early church but also with the socio-political position of the Jansenists, leading them to confrontation with the French government. The problems related to probabilism and its place not only in the religious and ethical space, but also in the methodology of scientific cognition are separately noted. The “Letters to the Provincial” by B. Pascal are contextually analyzed. It is shown that the author’s use of the pseudonym L. de Montalt in their publication has a reference to the lay name of Pope Sixtus V and testifies to the initially subjective attitude of the French thinker to the conflict between the Jesuits and the Jansenists. The interrelation between the personality of B. Pascal and his views on this conflict in particular and religious issues in general is noted. The distancing of B. Pascal from the scientific approach, as a result of his acceptance of Jansenism, traced in the “Letters to the Provincial”, is revealed. His views on science, religion, and philosophy in later “Thoughts” are considered. Examples of the author’s negative attitude toward various aspects of scientific and philosophical knowledge are demonstrated. It is noted that the French scientist’s appeal to religion came into conflict with his scientific activity and led to its termination. In conclusion, the results of the confrontation between the Jesuits and the Jansenists in historical retrospect are summarized, and its relationship with the Enlightenment and the French Revolution is traced.
Objective. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of two procrastination scales: the Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS) and the Academic Procrastination Scale-Short Form (APS-SF). Method. A total of 397 undergraduate students from Peru completed virtual questionnaires that included the IPS and APS-SF scales as well as assessments of academic burnout and mindfulness. Results. The IPS and the APS-SF have strong psychometric properties and unidimensional structures, indicating their effectiveness in assessing academic procrastination. Additionally, the instruments exhibited reliable internal consistency, as evidenced by consistent alpha and omega coefficients. Significant associations were identified between academic procrastination, burnout, and mindfulness. These findings significantly contribute to the comprehension and management of academic procrastination in the university context, establishing a solid foundation for future research and intervention strategies. Objective. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of two procrastination scales: the Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS) and the Academic Procrastination Scale-Short Form (APS-SF). Method. A total of 397 undergraduate students from Peru completed virtual questionnaires that included the IPS and APS-SF scales as well as assessments of academic burnout and mindfulness. Results. The IPS and the APS-SF have strong psychometric properties and unidimensional structures, indicating their effectiveness in assessing academic procrastination. Additionally, the instruments exhibited reliable internal consistency, as evidenced by consistent alpha and omega coefficients. Significant associations were identified between academic procrastination, burnout, and mindfulness. These findings significantly contribute to the comprehension and management of academic procrastination in the university context, establishing a solid foundation for future research and intervention strategies.
In this article we discuss the indicators of heat resistance of cattle. The studies were carried out on the livestock of the red dairy breed: group I – the intrabreed fatty-milk type obtained by crossing the red steppe breed with the Angler, group II - animals obtained by crossing the red steppe breed with the red-mottled Holstein. It was found that with temperature comfort, the difference in temperature and pulse rate between the animals of the fatty-dairy and holstenized types was insignificant, but with the increase of the air temperature to 39 C, these indicators were increased. The respiratory rate was significantly lower in the first heifers of the fatty-milk type both at elevated temperature load and in physiologically comfortable environmental conditions. Animals of both intrabreed types resisted the specific agro-climatic conditions of Donbas quite well. In terms of adaptive abilities to the high summer temperatures of Donbas, holstenized intrabreed type animals are noticeably inferior to fat-milk intrabreed type cows.
The spatial structure of the community is an indicator of the diversity of ecological niches available in this habitat, the richness and completeness of the community's use of environmental resources. The purpose of our research is to determine the species diversity of tree and shrub plants of forest stands located on the lands of the State Unitary Enterprise Agrofonda, which are affected by anthropogenic load and exhaust of road transport. The authors found that field-protective forest belts contribute to the accumulation of species biodiversity among objects of fauna and flora. As a result of research, it was revealed that with the joint growth of ordinary ash and petiolate oak, with a smaller diameter of ordinary ash 17,9 ± 0,59 cm, the diameter of petiolate oak was larger, namely, 28,4 ± 6,3. Conversely, with a larger diameter of oak oak 24,5 ± 2,58 cm, the diameter of ordinary ash was 14,7 ± 0,83.
