This study aims to explore whether and how public perceptions and attributions of police-involved crisis events influence trust in the police, and how such trust can be repaired. Utilizing a case-based survey conducted in the aftermath of the 'Lei Yang case', a police misconduct case, factor analysis was employed to identify public perception and attribution patterns, while multiple linear regression was applied to measure their influence. The results indicate that awareness of a single crisis event does not necessarily damage police trust; instead, the type of public attribution is critical. Specifically, internal attribution significantly undermines police trust, whereas external attribution does not. Both socioeconomic status and media usage patterns were found to influence public attribution tendencies. Overall, this study underscores the impact of public attributions on police trust and offers practical, attribution-based solutions for repairing trust and fostering positive police-public interactions.

The teacher–student relationship is often more strongly associated with learning outcomes than the family relationship during emerging adulthood, primarily through self-efficacy. However, most of these findings are based on offline contexts, where teachers interact with students face-to-face and families remain relatively distant. Online learning may involve different dynamics, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, when families became more engaged and teacher–student interactions were digitally mediated. These shifts may also reshape the traditionally blurred boundaries between parental and teacher roles in China, where teachers are often regarded as quasi-parental figures. Therefore, it is necessary to re-examine and compare the relative contributions of family and teacher–student relationships to online learning outcomes. Data were collected from 1793 university students (Mage = 21.28, SD = 2.26; 50.08% male) across 32 provinces in China. Structural equation modeling with bootstrapping was used to test mediation and compare direct and indirect effects. The results showed that (a) both family and teacher–student relationships were positively associated with online learning outcomes via self-efficacy, and (b) although total effects were similar, the teacher–student relationship exhibited a stronger indirect effect. These findings suggest that family relationships primarily offer emotional and environmental support, maintaining background stability, whereas teacher–student relationships foster the cognitive–motivational processes underlying autonomous learning. They may play complementary roles in online learning within the Chinese higher education, where schools retain instructional authority even in digital environments and families continue to act as educational mediators.

Crowdfunding has garnered widespread attention as a common fundraising method for charitable organisations in the People's Republic of China. However, with frequent fraud cases exposed in recent years, crowdfunding has tended to lose public trust, resulting in difficulties raising money. Thus, questions have been raised: What factors influence the success of crowdfunding? What are the specific impacts of these factors on the results of crowdfunding? To answer these questions, this article adopts a content analysis approach based on the attention allocation theory and analyses 9,589 projects launched in 2020 on the "Voluntary Donation" (lejuan) crowdfunding platform of Tencent Public Welfare (Tengxun gongyi). The analysis examines the impact of attention allocation on the amount raised for the projects from the perspectives of transparency, authority and emotion. The findings are: first, compared to negative emotions, expressing positive emotions can more effectively promote an increase in fundraising; second, in terms of project transparency, projects that disclose more information can attract more attention and achieve better fundraising results; and third, in terms of the authority of the initiating organisation, projects with higher authority often garner more attention and trust from crowdfunding participants, thus raising more funds.

Recent empirical studies have underscored the crucial link between police performance and trust in the police. Nevertheless, the association between police performance and trust in the police under various conditions deserves more attention. Moreover, the collective meaning of social capital is largely omitted from previous studies on the impact of social capital on trust in the police. The current study explores how police performance impacts public trust across varying levels of community social capital. Using factor analysis and multilevel binary logistic regression on data from a survey of 997 respondents in Xiamen, China, the current study found that both police performance and community social capital significantly enhanced trust in the police, while community social capital moderated the relationship between police performance and trust in the police. As community social capital increases, the importance of procedural fairness in building police trust grows, whereas the impact of outcome effectiveness diminishes. Findings of the current study advocate for a tailored approach to policing: communities rich in social capital benefit from a focus on procedural fairness (process-oriented policing), whereas those with lower social capital prioritize the effectiveness of outcomes (outcome-oriented policing).

基于世界价值观调查(WVS2018)的中国数据,本文从世代差异的分析视角考察了后物质主义价值观对中国居民政治参与的影响.研究发现,第一,当前中国居民的后物质主义价值观得分并不高,但呈现明显的世代差异,成长于改革开放之后的世代显著更高,并随着世代后移呈现递增趋势;第二,政治参与的世代效应在不同维度上有所差异,成长于改革开放之后的世代在制度外政治参与、网络政治参与上呈现世代递增趋势,在基层选举参与上则相反;第三,后物质主义价值观对基层选举参与的影响不显著,但对制度外政治参与、网络政治参与有促进作用,并且,对制度外政治参与的影响随着世代后移呈现递增趋势.研究证实,社会发展所带来的公众价值观的变迁,可以作为解释当代中国居民制度外政治参与和网络政治参与的文化变量之一,同时指出在价值观、公民有序政治参与引导上需要更加关注年轻世代.

本文利用2015年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,考察中国随迁老人的医疗服务利用状况,并根据Andersen的理论框架,从倾向因素、使能因素以及需求因素三个层面探究随迁老人医疗服务利用的影响因素.研究发现,随迁老人的医疗行为和预防行为均处于偏低水平.在倾向因素上,受教育水平、年龄、流动范围以及流入地区影响随迁老人的预防行为,而年龄、婚姻、民族和流入地区则影响其医疗行为.在使能因素上,家庭月收入与预防行为负相关,但对医疗行为有积极作用;靠个人收入的随迁老人会更积极地采取预防措施.在需求因素上,自评健康的随迁老人会更积极地采取预防措施,而健康越差的随迁老人使用住院服务的概率就越高;每天保持锻炼和懂得健康知识对随迁老人医疗服务利用均有显著的积极影响.最后,本文从倾向因素、使能因素和需求因素三个层面提出相应的建议.

本文从社会资本理论视角出发,以广东省深圳市S中学的调查数据为基础,探讨初中生的社会资本对校园欺凌的影响.研究发现:初中生发生校园欺凌几率较高,曾实施过校园欺凌和遭受欺凌的比例分别是19.5％、47.1％;年级、性别与初中生校园欺凌行为有一定关联,初二学生更易实施言语性欺凌,男生实施和遭遇肢体性欺凌的几率均高于女生;初中生的社会资本对校园欺凌有双重防护作用,既能在一定程度上减少初中生校园欺凌的实施行为,也能避免其成为被欺凌者.因此,在制定校园欺凌的预防与干预机制时,需充分考虑社会资本的信任、规范与社会网络的作用.

本文基于CSS2013和CSS2017的数据,从制度主义和文化主义的视角分析了中国患者信任的影响因素及其演变趋势.研究发现:第一,就诊满意度、医保满意度、医疗安全、医疗公平等制度因素对患者信任具有重要的正向影响,但这种效应未呈现强化趋势.第二,一般人际信任、权威型价值观、关系就医等文化因素对患者信任也有显著作用,但呈现不同的演变趋.势.第三,相比文化因素,制度因素的作用更大.总之,制度理性和社会文化二者共同影响当前的患者信任,应重视制度因素,但也不宜忽视文化的长期作用,尤其要警惕关系就医的负效应.

文章基于2019年广东省深圳市的调查数据,对随迁老人的身心健康与文化适应进行考察,并分析文化适应对身心健康的影响及作用机制.研究结果表明:(1)随迁老人的生理健康较好,但心理健康有待提升.(2)随迁老人的文化适应性较好,态度文化适应水平较高,行为文化适应则具有一定的滞后性.(3)文化适应对随迁老人身心健康有重要影响,表现为态度文化适应影响心理健康,城市认同与家乡认同分别起促进与阻碍作用;行为文化适应则与生理健康紧密相关.(4)运动参与和社会资本是文化适应影响随迁老人身心健康的两条路径.因此,提升深圳市随迁老人的身心健康水平,需要个人、家庭、社区与政府从增强文化适应性、培养积极生活方式、构建社会资本等方面施力.

To investigate the relationships between altruism, environmental concerns, and ordinary people's pro-environmental behaviors that go beyond self-interested NIMBY-ism, we examined measurements of altruism and environmental concerns in a Chinese context and developed a scale that measured people's pro-environmental behaviors at the individual, organizational, and policy level. We then conducted a tailor-made, face-to-face survey (N = 603) and found, first, that old age, gender (being a woman), party affiliation, and education level are positively associated with pro-environmental behaviors at the individual, organizational, and policy levels. We next found that human domination worldviews are negatively associated with individual- and organizational-level pro-environmental behaviors and that eco-centric worldviews are positively associated with individual-level pro-environmental behaviors. Third, we found that altruistic behaviors (prosocial behaviors and/or donations) are positively associated with pro-environmental behaviors. In short, awareness of the ecological crisis and altruism can stimulate people's pro-environmental behaviors in China. Meanwhile, it is doubtful that people care more for the environment after their living standards have improved, because socioeconomic status indicators are not statistically significant for individual-level pro-environmental behaviors.

随着城市化进程的快速推进,随迁老人群体日益壮大,相继出现一系列的社会融入和身心健康等问题,但学术界对此关注较少.基于2019年深圳市随迁老人的调查数据,我们对随迁老人的身心健康与社会融入进行系统考察,并分析社会融入对身心健康的影响状况.结果显示:第一,随迁老人的生理健康较好,但心理健康有待提升.具体而言,自评身体健康、基本健康的比例分别为21.1％和63.4％,患有慢性病的比例为43.9％,一年内曾住院的比例为19.9％;躯体化、抑郁情绪和积极情绪三个心理健康维度得分分别是44.3、19.4、61.3(总分100).第二,区别以往的横向划分,将社会融入由内往外划分为心理融入、家庭融入、社区融入、区域融入和制度融入5个维度进行探究,发现随迁老人的社会融入水平整体比较一般,其中家庭融入、经济适应、身份认同状况较好,心理距离、社区交往、文化适应、制度融入水平一般,而社区参与水平极低.第三,社会融入对随迁老人的身心健康具有重要作用,除制度融入外,家庭融入、社区融入、区域经济适应以及心理融入4个维度均有不同程度的积极效应,其中家庭融入的作用最为突出.据此,若要进一步提升随迁老人的身心健康水平,需要个人、家庭、社区和政府等多方施力,关注随迁老人的社会融入,并提供相应的条件与支持.

Background China is currently in a period of transition, traditional Chinese culture and modern culture gives rise to different interpretations with regard to health. In order to analyze the relationship between cultural values and residents’ health, we examined the current situation of cultural values in China and identified the mediators of Chinese culture value and health. Methods Using Chinese data from the 2007 and 2012 World Values Surveys (WVS), we measured the self-rate healthy and culture value, analyzed the relationship between cultural values and health by binary logistic regression, and the regression coefficient is tested to determine whether there is a mediating effect of active lifestyle and general trust. To measure culture value, we use Schwartz's scale In addition, in order to facilitate the comparison of coefficients between Logit models, the "Y * normalization" method is adopted in this paper. Results It was found that, first, the traditional components of Chinese residents’ cultural values remained more prominent than modern ones, although the transformational trend from traditional to modern was obvious. Second, different cultural values had different effects on residents’ health. Specifically, “openness to change” and “collectivism” positively contributed to health, “conservation” was harmful, and “individualism” had no statistically significant effect. To better understand the relationship between cultural values and residents’ health, the specific connotations of each value were examined. Further, the mechanism of cultural values’ effect on health was analyzed. “Lifestyle” was found to play a physiological role in influencing health while “general trust” played a psychological role. Conclusion The present study identify lifestyle and general trust are the mediators of Chinese culture value and health. Finding indicate that modern culture and transitional culture both have positive influence to health. To improve Chinese residents’ health in the context of cultural transformation, healthier lifestyles should be promoted, greater openness to modern culture should be adopted, essential traditional culture should be maintained, and social trust should be promoted. Further study should consider the two-way causal relationship of cultural values and self-reported health and find more influence trace of the two mentioned former.

By analysing the Chinese General Social Survey and Taiwan Social Change Survey data from 2011, this article examines from institutionalist and culturalist perspectives the trust level and influencing factors of patients in the Chinese Mainland and Taiwan. Findings have demonstrated that trust levels of patients in the Mainland and Taiwan are internally differentiated, with a high level of general trust and a low level of specific trust. Second, patients in the Mainland have a higher level of general trust than patients in Taiwan, but their level of specific trust is lower than that of patients in Taiwan, which may be attributed to the influence of traditional Chinese culture and the social transition. Third, although institutional factors play a more significant role, consistency is embodied in institutional and cultural factors that affect the trust of patients in both the Mainland and Taiwan. However, in the Mainland, medical satisfaction has a greater impact on patients' trust, while, in Taiwan, medical equity, internet use and universal trust have stronger effects on patients' trust. Therefore, to improve patient trust in China and Taiwan, there should be greater focus on institutional factors, while not neglecting the cultural factors.

目的 了解新冠肺炎疫情期间公众对医护人员的信任水平及其变化情况,为医患信任的提升干预提供参考依据.方法 于2020年2月24-26日对公众开展线上问卷调查,最终回收2065份有效数据.结果 疫情期间公众对医护人员的信任水平较高,总体医生信任、医术信任、医德信任、总体护士信任、护士能力信任和护士态度信任6个维度得分依次为(4.33±0.72)、(4.25±0.72)、(3.27±0.70)、(4.15±0.69)、(3.98±0.69)、(3.88±0.75)分(满分5分);多数公众支持提高一线医护人员福利待遇水平;性别、年龄、学历、职业等在不同维度的信任得分上存在差异(P＜ 0.05);56.17％的公众更加信任医护人员,女性、中老年人、低学历者等更易增加信任(P＜0.05);疫情期间医护人员的一线坚守成为提升信任水平的主要因素.结论 疫情之下,公众对医护人员的信任水平有所提升,但坚持医疗体制改革与深化仍是实现医患互信的核心议题.

居民身心健康的社会影响因素是近年来兴起的研究热点.从社会比较理论出发,以CGSS2011调查数据为基础,考察了社会比较倾向对中国居民身心健康的影响、作用路径,以及不同阶层之间的差异.研究发现:第一,社会比较倾向不利于居民的身心健康,这可能是由向上比较的对比效应以及向下比较的同化效应共同造成的;第二,社会比较倾向通过心理健康进而影响生理健康,是一个“由心至身”的过程;第三,社会比较倾向对健康的负效应并不存在阶层差异,各阶层均存在一定程度的社会比较.由此可见,提高居民的健康水平,需要引导各个阶层的居民树立正确的价值观取向,适当降低社会比较倾向以及进行合理的社会比较.

医患信任是当前社会热点问题.文章利用中国综合社会调查数据(CGSS 2011)和台湾地区社会变迁调查数据(TSCS 2011),从制度与文化的视角,考察了海峡两岸患者对医生的信任水平及影响因素的差异,并据此提出针对性建议.研究发现:第一,海峡两岸患者信任均呈现内部分化,抽象信任较高,但具体信任较低;第二,大陆患者的抽象信任水平高于台湾,但具体信任水平低于台湾,这可能与中华传统文化的影响以及社会转型期的特征有关;第三,海峡两岸患者信任的影响因素具有一致性也具有差异性.一致性表现为医疗满意度、医疗效率等制度主义因素以及传统医疗价值观、普遍信任等文化主义因素对两岸患者信任都具有显著作用,但制度主义因素显然更重要;差异性体现在医疗公平、互联网使用对大陆患者信任的影响不具有统计显著性,但对台湾患者信任具有显著作用;最后,宗教信仰对海峡两岸患者信任的影响具有一定的相反效应.这些研究发现意味着提升两岸患者信任应注重医疗满意度、医疗效率和医疗公平等制度因素,也不应忽视了文化因素的长期积累,尤其要提倡健康的医疗价值观、规范医疗环境中的媒体行为和提升社会整体信任水平.

大众传媒作为影响医患信任的重要因素,在以往的实证研究中还未得到足够重视.基于媒体偏见理论,利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2011年数据,分析媒介使用与我国患者信任的关系,可以发现:第一,我国患者信任呈现内部分化,抽象信任高,具体信任低,并且呈现较大的城乡差异,城市患者的信任水平更低.第二,医疗满意度对患者抽象信任和具体信任均具有非常重要的积极作用.第三,媒介使用对患者信任的影响具有复杂性,其对抽象信任和具体信任的作用效应不同,甚至相反.具体而言,在抽象信任上,传统媒体发挥正效应,新媒体发挥负效应;在具体信任上,传统媒体不具有显著作用,但新媒体具有一定的积极效应,这可能与在线寻医问药的兴起有关.因此,提升患者信任水平,还需进一步规范媒体环境,发挥好媒体的正效应,降低媒体的负效应.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of interventions on patient trust Methods: A system review was conducted through searching 11 relevant databases, such as Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, WANFANG. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were screened from 1539 original studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria Meta-analysis was used to evaluate and interpret the interventions. Results: Ten RCTs were included in the review. It was concluded from meta-analysis that no significant difference could be found between controlled and intervention groups by increasing doctors'abilities(SMD = -0.05, 95％ CI: -0.22 -0.12); while the other two interventions, doctor's information disclosure as well as patient education and nursing intervention, significantly enhanced patient trust (SMD = 0.13, 95％ CI: 0.06 - 0.21; SMD = 0.60, 95％ CI: 0.29 - 0.90). Conclusion: Doctor's information disclosure, patient education and nursing intervention are effective in increasing patients'trust, while intervention of doctor's ability promotion seems not so remarkable.

Starting with the market transition theory, based on CGSS2011 survey data and multi-level regression model, this paper investigates the influence of marketization on China's non-agricultural labor force's self-rated health, and the changing trend of the influences of sector, political capital, social mobili-ty on non-agricultural labor force's self-rated health in the process of marketization. Main findings are:first, unlike Eastern European countries, China's marketization has a positive net effect on the health of non-agricultural labor force; second, there are cross-sectoral differences in the health of non-agricultural labors. The health level in public sector is significantly higher than that in the private sector, but in the process of marketization, the health gapbetween public and private sectors shrinks gradually. Third, politi-cal capital plays an active role in the health of non-agricultural labor, but this effect weakened in the mar-ketization process. Fourth, upward social mobility does not benefit the health of non-agricultural labor, re-gardless of intra-generational or intergenerational mobility, but downward social mobility is obviously not beneficial to the health of non-agricultural labor force. As to whether social mobility is expanding or re-ducing health inequalities in the process of marketization, it has not yet been verified.

政治参与对健康的作用关系在以往的研究中往往被忽视了.论文利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS2010)数据,分别从集体和个体层面考察了二者的关系及其作用机制.研究发现:集体层面上,体制内的政治参与(如基层选举、社区参与)对社区人口健康没有统计上的显著影响;而体制外的政治参与(如维权抗争)对社区人口的心理健康具有显著的负向作用,但这种负效应会因社区公共品供给增加的补偿机制而相应地减弱.个体层面上,体制内政治参与(如社区参与)有利于居民的自评健康,体制外政治参与(如维权抗争)则不利于居民的心理健康,二者均通过“自我效能感”发挥中介作用.论文验证了政治参与的“心理赋权”作用,其“工具性”作用也得到了部分验证.在社会转型期,为了提高居民健康水平,应引导更多有实质性意义的体制内政治参与,减少体制外政治参与.