目的 对蒙药孟根乌苏中HgS微-纳米颗粒的提取、分离及体外溶出进行研究.方法 采用索氏提取法去除单质硫,确定孟根乌苏提取的最佳时间.采用差速离心法分离HgS颗粒;通过控制PVP浓度、投料比、离心机转速等因素获得不同粒径的HgS微-纳米颗粒;利用扫描电镜(SEM)及X-射线衍射法(XRD)分析颗粒形貌和结构组成;采用双硫腙比色法对比研究不同粒径范围的HgS颗粒、孟根乌苏原药材及孟根乌苏-18味丸在模拟人工胃液、人工肠液中的溶出情况.结果 分离得到的6个HgS颗粒样品的粒径分布较均匀,粒径分别为2 000～4 000、800～2 000、200～800、80～200、50～80、20～50 nm.提取后样品中主要成分为α-HgS及β-HgS.体外溶出结果表明,随着HgS颗粒粒径变小,汞的溶出度增大,表明汞的溶出与HgS颗粒粒径大小呈反比关系.同时汞的溶出度也受硫、pH值及复方的影响.结论 该法可简单、高效地分离HgS颗粒.为不同粒径HgS微-纳米颗粒的药动学和药理学研究提供了基础.

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising energy storage systems owing to their high theoretical energy density and low costs due to the abundant reserves of sulfur.

Large-scale syntheses of uniform AgCl nanocubes and nanospheres with sub-100 nm size have been achieved by the reaction of AgNO3 and CCl4 in a solvothermal system with polyvinylpyrrolidone as a capping agent. The reaction time and temperature have been proved to be the key factors for the morphological evolution of the AgCl nanocrystals. In addition, an interesting AgCl micro-tetrahedron structure can be obtained with dichloroethane instead of CCl4 as the chlorine source. The synthesized products are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The growth mechanism of the AgCl crystals is proposed. The AgCl products can be converted to plasmonic Ag/AgCl photocatalysts under UV-light irradiation, which exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the organic contaminant of Rhodamine B. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Objective To review the recent pharmacological action and phamacokinetics researches of capsaicin both domestic and abroad . Methods Recent literatures were summarized and analyzed .Result Capsaicin has the analgesic ,anti-cancer ,cardiovascular protective and reducing fat effect .Recent studies found that capsaicin receptor TRPV1 plays a key role in its pharmacological effects .Conclusion It is anticipated that capsaicin has great prospects for new drugs development in anticancer and cardiovascular protection .

微量元素铬、锌、钒是人体必须的金属元素,大量研究表明其与糖尿病的预防和治疗密切相关.本文对上述元素配合物的降血糖活性作了简要的综述,旨在为开发和研制有效改善和治疗糖尿病的药物提供理论支持和实验依据.

2-Methyl-5-hydroxy-7-amino-pyrazole[1,5-a]pyrimidine(2) was obtained by the reaction of 3-methyl -5-amino-pyrazole with ethyl cyanoacetate .Seven novel 2-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-arylazo-7-imino-pyrazole[1,5-a]-pyrimidine derivatives(3a~3f) were synthesized by the reaction of 2 with dia-zonium salt solution of arylamines .The yield of 3a~3f were 87%~93%.The structures were charac-terized by 1 H NMR, IR and ESI-MS.

Prussian blue analogue Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2⋅xH2O (Zn-PBA) micro-/nanocrystals with well-defined spherical, cubic and polyhedral morphologies have been successfully synthesized by a simple room-temperature solution method. The morphologies and sizes of the micro-/nanocrystals can be easily tuned by HCl dosage and polymer additive. The as-prepared products are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Brunauer Emmet Teller adsorption-desorption analysis. The possible formation mechanism for these Zn-PBA micro-/nanocrystals is then proposed. In addtion, adsorption performances of these micro-/nanocrystals toward organic dyes are systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that they exhibit strong adsorption selectivity to methylene blue (MB) with an extraordinary adsorption capacity as high as 1.016gg(-1) due to the proper pore size and large specific surface area (643.2m(2)g(-1)) of the product as well as the strong electrostatic interaction between MB molecules and Zn-PBA particles. It is found that the morphology and size of the micro-/nanocrystals have an important effect on their adsorption performance. Moreover, the adsorbed MB dye can be well released in some organic solvents such as ethanol and trichloromethane. The facile morphology-controlled synthesis and excellent adsorption property afford the materials promising application in adsorption related fields.

目的 对比研究制水银与合成硫化汞的毒代动力学.方法 运用原子荧光分光光度法,测定两药物的血药浓度,计算毒代动力学相关参数.结果 两药物的Ke、Cmax均很接近,其它毒代动力学参数均有差异(P＜0.05).结论 合成硫化汞具有更高的生物利用度,可降低给药剂量以减小毒性.

目的:分离、分析中药天葵子乙醇提取物中的化学成分.方法:采用HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS技术,定性分析天葵子95％乙醇提取部位化学成分;利用柱层析技术对醇提部位进行化学成分分离,并通过核磁共振波谱技术,解析鉴定所得单体的结构.结果:通过正离子质谱信息分析,并结合相关文献,定性鉴定出天葵子醇提取物中的6个化合物,分别为Ehretioside B(Ⅰ)、冬青氰苷(Ⅱ)、东方唐松草苷(Ⅲ)、(1E,4α,5β,6α)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-ylideneacetonitrile(Ⅳ)、2-丙烯酸-3(4'-羟基苯基)-(4”-羧基苯基)酯(Ⅴ)、苦瓜酚苷A(Ⅵ).柱层析分离出3个单体,分别鉴定为唐松草酚定(Ⅶ)、小檗碱(Ⅷ)、cirsiumaldehyde(Ⅸ),其中小檗碱(Ⅷ)为首次从天葵子中分离得到.结论:通过现代柱色谱分离以及HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS技术,结合波谱解析手段,能够对天葵子中化学成分进行有效分离和定性分析,该方法合理、可行,结果准确.

阿特拉津作为一种高效廉价的除草剂被广泛应用于农业生产中,其结构稳定,难降解,已在水环境中大量检出,对生物及人体健康存在潜在威胁.与其他处理技术相比,光催化降解法对阿特拉津的降解起着重要作用.综述TiO2光催化剂、经掺杂改性的TiO2复合材料、金属离子及其复合物和金属氧化物对阿特拉津的光催化降解效率,并展望光催化材料的发展前景.高效的可见光光催化剂还有待开发,以增强对太阳光的吸收和利用,且应考虑将光催化降解法与其他处理技术相结合,开发既经济又高效去除阿特拉津的技术.综述阿特拉津的光催化降解机理,通过对降解过程中的中间产物鉴定,研究认为,阿特拉津三嗪环上的3个侧链经强氧化活性物种·OH进攻,发生烷基氧化、脱烷基化和脱氯羟基化等系列反应,最终被矿化为C1-、NO3-、CO2和H2O.

The formation process and a typical FESEM image of AgCl hollow cubes.

目的 通过抗惊厥、镇静与烫伤治疗实验,研究合成的药用硫化汞纳米粉的主要药效,旨在探讨药用硫化汞纳米化对其药效学的影响.方法 (1)烫伤作用:取小鼠30只,随机数字表法分成3组,90℃水造成浅二度烫伤模型,模型组仅涂抹麻油,阳性对照组涂抹京万红,实验组涂抹硫化汞纳米粉膏剂,观察各组小鼠烫伤部位的结痂情况.(2)镇静作用:取小鼠50只,随机数字表法分为5组,模型对照组灌胃给予蒸馏水,阳性对照组腹腔注射地西泮片,实验组给予药用硫化汞纳米粉,连续给药7天,并于末次给药后,依次给各组小鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠,记录睡眠潜伏期、睡眠发生率及睡眠时间.(3)抗惊厥作用:取小鼠50只,随机数字表法分为5组,模型对照组灌胃给予蒸馏水,阳性对照组腹腔注射给予地西泮片,实验组为药用硫化汞纳米粉.连续给药七天,并于末次给药后,依次给各组小鼠注射戊四唑,制造惊厥模型.观察小鼠惊厥发生率.结果 (1)烫伤作用:药用硫化汞纳米粉对伤口具有显著收敛作用(P≤0.01)(2)镇静作用:药用硫化汞纳米粉高、中、低剂量组均能显著减低睡眠潜伏期(P≤0.01)(3)抗惊厥作用:药用硫化汞纳米粉高、中、低剂量组惊厥率和死亡率明显较低(P≤0.01).结论 合成的药用硫化汞纳米粉具有治疗烫伤、镇静与抗惊厥的药理作用.

专业是人才培养的基础与载体,在主动顺应国家和内蒙古自治区社会经济发展的前提下,应调整和优化专业结构,合理布局,积极增设新专业,改造传统专业,拓展专业口径,实现教学资源的有效利用,加强专业内涵建设,实现药学类人才的专业、能力、素质结构的培养,提升药学类人才的创新性、综合性、社会适应性,整体提高内蒙古医科大学药学类专业的办学水平.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cytotoxicity and oxidative stress and arsenic metabolism induced by different kinds of inorganic arsenicals in epidermal keratinocytes cells(HaCaT).Methods Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cell viability.Malondialdehyde(MDA) content and the activity of the superoxide dismutase(SOD) in HaCaT were detected.The intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) were detected with flow cytometry and the atomic fluorescence was used to analyze intracellular or extracellular level of different forms of arsenic.Results As2O3(200.0 μmol/L)and Na2HAsO4·7H2O(≥50.0 μmol/L)could decrease the cell viability,with the survival rates of 54.8±5.9% and 85.4±9.5%,70.0±4.0% and 58.8±6.0%,and could significantly promote the proliferation of HaCaT cell at low dosage(P0.01,P0.05).The MDA levels of iAsⅢ groups increased with dose increasing and iAsⅤgroups showed decrease after an increase with an U-shaped dose-respose curve.The SOD activity showed a dose-effect relation with an U-shaped curve.The intracellular ROS decreased with the order of As2O3,Na2HAsO4·7H2O.The extracellular iAsⅢ,iAsⅤcontents were higher than intracellular contents in all groups.The methylation ratio of 5.0 mol/L iAsⅢ group(87.3%) was higher than that of 50.0 mol/L iAsⅢ(61.8%) and the ratio of 5.0 mol/L iAsⅤ groups(40.0%) was higher than that of 250.0 mol/L iAsⅤ(10.5%).The ratio of iAsⅢ groups was higher than that of the iAsⅤ groups.The arsenic levels of the high-dose groups were higher than those of low-dose groups.The efflux ability of low-dose groups were higher and the efflux ability of iAsⅢgroups were lower than those of the iAsⅤ groups.Conclusion The mechanisms of inorganic arsenic toxicity probably relate to different levels of oxidative stress and arsenical metablism.

[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of Beihanshuishi from two different places on gastric juice secretion of rat.[Method] Gastric juice secretion increasing model of rat was established by pylorus ligature method,and effects of Beihanshuishi on the gastric secretion levels,pH value and gastric acidity of rat were observed.[Result] The treated rats showed a decrease of gastric secretion levels,an increase of pH value and a decrease of gastric acidity.[Conclusion] Beihanshuishi has an inhibitory effect on gastric juice secretion of rat.

Objective: To study the non-alkaloid constituents from Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk. Methods: Solvent extraction and column chromatography were used to isolate the non-alkaloid constituents, physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis were employed for determination of the structures. Results: Seven compounds were isolated,and their structures were identified as (25R)-△ 5(6)-isospirost-17α,3β-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→ 2)-β-D- glucopyranoside (1) ,β-sitosterol (2) , laurostearic acid (3) ,trans-cinnamic acid (4) ,lauric acid 1-monoglyceride (5) ,daucosterol (6) ,β-sitosterol palmitate (7) . Conclusion: Compounds 1,7 were obtained from the Fritillaria genus for the first time and 4,5 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

The form of mercury in medicines of minorities,such as cinnabar,vermilion and Zuo Tai,and the security after the rational processing become the research focus.The author summarized recent literatures both domestic and abroad,and reviewed the form and detection technologies of mercury in medicines of minorities,to provide some new ideas for pharmacological and toxicology research of medicines of minorities containing mercury.

A series of novel 7-methyl-pyrazolo-1,3,4-oxadiazine derivatives was designed and synthesized.The structures of all the compounds have been confirmed by 1HNMR,IR,MS and elemental analysis.