目的 探讨经Dolenc入路手术治疗海绵窦肿瘤的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2013年1月到2020年6月经Dolenc入路手术切除的60例海绵窦肿瘤的临床资料.结果 肿瘤全切除36例,次全切除9例,大部分切除15例.术后病理显示55例(91.7％)为良性肿瘤,其中脑膜瘤27例,神经鞘瘤12例,垂体腺瘤12例.术后随访半年,颅神经损伤好转率为52.9％(27/51),术后头疼缓解率为85.7％(6/7),面部麻木好转率仅为33.3％(6/18).术后新发神经受损症状40例,其中眼神经麻痹22例(56％,22/40),随访6个月好转16例(72.7％,16/22).术后视力、视野好转率为50％(7/14);新发视力受损2例,随访6个月无明显改善.多因素logistic回归分析显示肿瘤包绕颈内动脉是肿瘤未全切除的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 海绵窦肿瘤多数为良性肿瘤,Dolenc入路手术切除肿瘤效果良好,但颈内动脉被肿瘤包绕不利于全切除肿瘤.

In this study, we composed the velocity and acceleration of GRACE Follow-On satellites directly estimated from the onboard carrier phase observations based on the FIR (finite impulse response) differentiator instead of the orbit differentiation method. Using the level 1B data of GRACE Follow-On from DOY 305 to 314 in 2018, CODE(Center for Orbit Determination in Europe)precise ephemeris and 5 s clock corrections, the results showed that based on the ninth-point differentiator, the 3D root mean square (RMS) of satellite C and D velocity can achieve the accuracy at 0.227 6 mm/s and 0.238 4 mm/s (differentiator interval=60 s); Meanwhile, the 3D RMS values of acceleration can achieve the accuracy at 4.1 μm/s2 and 4.5 μm/s2 for satellite C and D respectively (differentiator interval=90 s). The GNSS phase direct differentiation method does not require a fixed ambiguity, which weakens the influence of the correlation between orbit epochs, respect to the kinematic orbit difference method and provides high-precision velocity and acceleration information for gravity field model determination.

脑膜瘤是颅内常见的肿瘤之一,来源于脑膜上皮性蛛网膜细胞,也可原发于少见的非脑膜组织,约80％为良性(WHO分级Ⅰ级),17％～25％具有侵袭性(WHO分级Ⅱ、Ⅲ级)[1].大部分脑膜瘤因为占位效应或功能障碍而被发现;随着人们健康观念的提升,偶然发现者增多.目前,鞍旁脑膜瘤手术风险大、全切除率低、复发率高.有研究认为切除程度是影响肿瘤复发的主要因素[2].近年来,随着放疗的发展,影像学发现的鞍旁脑膜瘤立体定向放疗被推荐为一线治疗.本文就鞍旁脑膜瘤最新的治疗进展做一综述,为临床治疗提供参考.

记忆研究有着深厚的多学科思想资源.人类记忆进化到数字时代,记忆方式发生重大变革,数字记忆是刻写记忆新的进化形态,从产生初始就受到现代哲学建构论的深刻影响,强调现代信息技术与社会记忆建构的有机结合.无论是原生数字资源,还是各类数字化迁移的实践,都不可避免地卷入社会记忆的建构和演变之中,催生了全球范围内多领域、跨学科、深融合的数字记忆项目的探索性成果.究其本质而言,数字记忆由人类数字化生存之“数据化”印痕构成,与数字身体的存在方式、交往方式密切相关,数字记忆的建构需要遵循面向数字遗产、面向数字知识、面向数字人文的建构理论,进而从数据管理的视角探索数据选择的遗忘机制,为社会记忆的建构、维护与传承提供合理性依据.在方法维度上,依据主体逻辑、数据逻辑、技术逻辑三个维度实现数字记忆资源的长期保存与利用.

采用短切纤维增强工程塑料板作为隔震支座的增强材料,制成低造价隔震支座.与传统隔震支座不同,选用的增强材料强度较低时,低造价隔震支座的极限性能由增强材料的强度控制,破坏形态主要体现为板材的断裂.为了研究该支座特有的破坏形态,进行了轴压和压剪状态的极限性能试验,结合ABAQUS有限元分析,研究不同受力状态下的破坏机理.结果 表明:支座轴压的破坏形态为支座中部工程塑料板的断裂,在板材中部产生竖向裂缝,为加劲层拉应力引起的拉断;支座压剪状态下的破坏形态为封板及内部工程塑料板断裂,裂缝在截面上为X形分布,为剪切变形时“翘曲”作用引起的弯曲破坏.利用有限元分析对该支座进行参数优化,建立了不同橡胶层厚度、板厚度及板刚度的3种对比模型,结果表明,减小单层橡胶层厚度、增加板厚度有利于提高支座的极限性能,而提高板刚度则不利.同时,给出了支座性能最优的设计建议.

民族地区地方高校吉首大学在办学实践中打破将创新神秘化、崇高化、精英化和垄断化的认识误区,形成了民族地区地方高校应用型创新人才培养的目标定位,构建了理论教学、实践教学、科学研究、学科竞赛、社会实践五位一体的人才培养路径体系,从师资、经费、条件三个方面强化了保障体系建设,通过优化调整现有的评价体系和评价机制,调动了职能部门、教师和学生的积极性与主动性,激活了应用型创新人才培养的内驱力.通过多年来的有效实践,学校应用型创新人才培养成效显著,办学质量稳步提升,人才培养特色更加鲜明.

少数民族档案文献遗产承载着少数民族的历史文化和精神传统,是少数民族记忆宝库的重要组成.云贵地区少数民族档案文献遗产具有鲜明的地域性特征,是保有其文化特色的“记忆之源”,由此带来了档案文献遗产保护的特殊性和内在需求.基于调查和分析,笔者归纳了云贵地区少数民族档案文献遗产保护面临的遗产保护观念欠缺、管理机构各自为政、官方统计信息不全、民间普查征集困难、文字信息难以读解、库房保护条件有限、专门修复技艺稀缺、数字保护面临瓶颈、组织运行管理不力、工作标准规范缺乏十个方面的问题.针对上述问题,笔者分别从探索基于多元主体协同的保护模式、落实基于客体分级认知的保护策略、优化基于整体环境保护的预防措施、实现基于自主技术创新的方法应用、建立基于区域保护中心的运行机制五个方面提出了整体性的推进策略,最终目标是实现对云贵地区少数民族档案文献遗产的精准保护与记忆传承.

数据3.0思维下的文化大数据的应用研究正成为当下文化产业和文化经济研究的一个焦点问题,它既有理论价值,又具有新时代应用需求的特征.运用文化大数据助推文化产业的改革创新是数据3.0背景下的内在要求,它以数据为中心构建文化资源大数据和文化产业大数据的平台,从根本上改变文化生产方式和文化决策的水平.通过文化大数据平台的综合性应用,优化文化产品结构、文化业态布局和文化区域形态,推进文化产业的结构性调整,充分发挥文化大数据在文化生产中的资源价值、策略价值、服务价值、装备价值和数据价值,实现对文化大数据资源的充分开发与利用.

An innovative high-performance low-cost isolator was presented for seismic isolation in economic underdeveloped regions. When this proposed isolator is applied to replace steel sheets with engineering plastic plates within a traditional isolator, the methods of flexible-reinforcement isolators must be used to calculate its mechanical properties . The analytical solutions for this type of isolators are complicated and not easy for engineering application, therefore a simplified method was put forward for computing the simplified solutions for analytical strength, stiffness and stress of the isolator under compression and bending, in which the weighted residual method was employed based on optimal selection of trial functions and the undetermined coefficients of the trial functions were determined by accuracy requirement. Therefore, the simplified formulas of stress distribution, compression stiffness, bending stiffness and strength were formulated and obtained herein. And a characteristic parameter was introduced to analyze the variation of these formulas. Parameter analysis showed that the error of the proposed formulas increases with the increase of the aspect ratio and the characteristic parameter. Subsequently, the valid application scope of these simplified formulas is given. Finally, systematic experimental tests of four different groups of the presented isolators were carried out. Test results showed that, for typical high-performance low-cost isolators, the deviation of the proposed formulas is close to that of the analytical formulas, which verifies the effectiveness of the simplified formulas and the rationality of the proposed method. The proposed method can be extended to isolators in any other shape and of different reinforcing materials, which is propitious for the popularization and application of high-performance low-cost isolation technology in less developed areas.

This paper proposes an innovative low-cost isolator with lightweight and cost-effective features for use in low-rise residential buildings.The low-cost laminated isolator is formed by plastic shims with unsaturated polyester fiber reinforcement between rubber layers.Bending and tensile tests of the resin and the unsaturated polyester fiber reinforcement engineering plastic plates have been carried out to investigate their characteristics.The cold bonding forming process and hot vulcanization molding process of the simple isolator are introduced in this paper.Performance tests are systematical carried out to characterize the isolator in terms of mechanical behavior (e.g.,compression,shear and their relationship),dynamic properties (e.g.,damping) and ultimate states.A connection construction scheme is put forward for low-rise rural building.This simple isolation technology provides scientific and technological support for popularizing seismic isolation technology in underdeveloped rural areas,which is of theoretical and practical significance.

吉首大学通过主动对接国家区域发展战略、区域产业发展需求、群众脱贫致富需要,精准设置专业群,以此来支持国家区域发展与扶贫攻坚工作的落实;通过着力突破现行的学院行政框架与管理体系,以提升专业群服务区域发展能力为抓手,创新专业群协同发展和服务区域经济社会的体制机制,使特色专业群服务区域发展与扶贫攻坚的能力得到有效的提升.与此同时,各特色专业群在服务区域经济社会发展,提供建设性方案和切实可行措施的同时,也注重利用区域资源优势强化专业群内涵,培育和打造专业群办学特色,逐步形成了学校专业群办学能力和办学水平的比较优势.

伊尼斯是北美媒介环境学派的主要理论奠基者,其传播理论主要由传播偏向论、媒介决定论、西方文明危机论等核心观念构成.这些传播观念是在继承前辈理论家传播思想的基础上的发展与创新.本文揭示了这些理论观念的学术渊源和思想谱系,认为:伊尼斯传播偏向论源出于人类学大师克罗伯和经济学研究;媒介决定论源出于凡勃伦和芝加哥社会学派的影响;西方文明危机论则很大程度上受到柯克雷因、欧文、施本格勒、汤因比等人的影响.

以湘西自治州职业院校青少年学生为研究对象,采用多阶段分层随机抽样法,对5所职业院校的894名学生进行问卷调查,以了解学生手机上网时长、手机上网内容的现状,并比较不同人口学特征的学生在手机上网行为上的差异,在此基础上进一步分析手机上网差异对其社会化的影响.结果显示:(1)就读学校性质、年龄和月生活费等3个不同人口学特征的学生在手机上网时长上有显著性差异;除民族外,其他人口学特征不同的学生在手机上网内容上均有显著性差异.(2)手机上网行为对学生的人际交往、知识习得、价值观念和行为倾向等4个社会化指标均有显著影响.手机上网已经成为职业院校青少年学生社会化的主要力量,其社会化环境由现实转向虚拟,时间大大缩短,内容呈明显的跨界性.

保罗·莱文森是北美媒介环境学派第三代理论家中的中坚人物.他从媒介技术与现实关系的角度,将媒介技术的演进依次描述为玩具、镜子与艺术三种形态.同时他也清晰地认识到,这一理想进程并非所有媒介技术都能幸运地完成,这主要取决于媒介技术演进的外部条件.在此基础上,保罗·莱文森从单一媒介技术和媒介技术间两个角度,审视了媒介技术演进的历史趋势,认为媒介技术演进的历史趋势是越来越人性化,而决定媒介技术演进的现实力量则主要是人类的理性.人类的理性选择规约了媒介技术的发展方向和决定了媒介技术演进的可能性.保罗·莱文森深受哲学理性主义和达尔文生物进化论思想的影响,以媒介技术演进为核心问题,确立了以人为中心的技术乐观主义思想,由此使自己在继承北美媒介环境学派的研究范式的同时又区别于前辈和同辈学者,推动了媒介环境学派媒介理论的发展与创新.

现代设计，是文化艺术与科学技术结合的产物，而“意象”与科技，又同属于广义的文化范畴。文化是人类社会历史实践过程中所创造的物质文明与精神文明的总和，具有不可逆的传承性。虽然一代又一代的艺术家与设计师总是企图摆脱传统文化的阴影，创造属于他们自己的艺术里程碑，但传统文化还是如影随形，到处可见。因此，任何传统文化，都必然对艺术与科技的发展产生非常深刻的影响，并且通过艺术与科技，或者直接，或者间接，对现代服装设计产生连带的巨大影响。

North American ecology school is the third communication school after empirical school and criticism school,which focuses on the influence of media technology on social development.However,attitudes towards the development of media technology vary greatly among different theoreticians of this school.Theoreticians of the first generation,represented by Innis and Mcluhan,mainly reveal the characteristics of technology and the influence it bring to society,showing the problems neglected in the communications circles with a scientific attitude.Standing on the ground of cultural criticism,theoreticians of the second generation,represented by Postman,hold a pessimistic attitude towards the technological development,fearing the disorder and turmoil brought by media technology.Theoreticians of the third generation,represented by Levinson,show an over-optimistic attitude towards the development of media technology,believing that it will bring convenience to information communication and life as well.The transfer of the attitudes toward media technology within the North American media ecology school not only shows the attitude of individual theoreticians,but also shows the historical and logical cognition of the school toward media technology,presenting a rich and stereo understanding of the school.

Liu Kebang's essays The Natural Arrival consider the nature as a kind of writing state and aesthetic pur-suit.From the natural perception of life,Liu Kebang resisted the media discourse discipline on our perception of the world,and restored the world’s rich texture and multidimensional faces.He resolutely resisted all kinds of postmodernist thoughts on emotion and adhered to the emotion as a kind of the noumenon of prose writing.In his writing,Liu Kebang described secular emotion naturally,realistically,mellow and full,showing his ability to grasp and control to the general emotional state.The Natural Arrival was a kind of writing of attitide.In his writ-ing,Liu Kebang often reflected himself,critized the unhealthy tendencies,kept watching his ideal,and trans-fered positive energy with a firmly and uncompromising attitude,which was different from the value-banishing at-titude of the leisure and melodramatic prose writing in the current.

"Liren Education",which is put forward in recent years by Jishou University,a local uni-versity in ethnic areas,is a kind of theoretical paradigms and practice patterns in higher education.Ai-ming at the structural deficiencies and the unobvious effectiveness problems of traditional higher edu-cation,"Liren Education"established the structural system of higher education connotation,namely"taking moral education as the guide,intelligence as the foundation, Sports as the basis,psychological education for the conservation,aesthetic education as the style",and formed the practice structural system of" curriculum guide,environment influence, practice experience,self shaping",and constructed the assessment structural system of"focusing on the process,servicing the target,paying attention to the actual effect",to ensure the obj ectives and i-dea of"Liren education"to become a reality.On value orientation,"Liren education"adheres to the combination of both the students'general development and personality development,the combination of reality and critical reflection,and the combination of ideals and feet on the ground."Liren Educa-tion"is the concrete embodiment of modern humanism educational thought in school-running practice of higher education.

“立人教育”的内涵是实现人从精神和肉体维度上的双重“站立”,实现人从依靠外力的他律性“站立”到依靠自身内力的自律性“站立”转化. “立人教育”纠正现代大学教育功利主义、实用主义的偏差,提倡全人教育理念,使高等教育重新回到培养人和发展人的轨道上来. “立人教育”将人视为一种嵌在各种社会关系网络中的群体性存在,教导大学生以正确的心态来理解和审视自我与他者的关系.

The quality of a master's degree thesis as an important indicator of the quality of graduate study reflects the level of graduate training provided by an institution .Due to limitations in terms of student background and training conditions ,the quality of master's degree theses produced by schools in ethnic regions is usually lower compared to universities directly under the Ministry of Education or those in Eastern China .However ,by adopting a thesis pre-defense system with optimized func-tions ,program settings ,evaluation points and use of conclusions ,the College of Literature and Journalism of Jishou University has been able to enhance the quality of master's degree theses prepared by its students .Its experience may provide a useful les-son for other universities in their efforts to ensure the quality of their master's programs .