目的:探讨"SPOC+案例教学法"在医学统计学教学中的应用效果.方法:以某医学院校2019级和2020级高职药学、高职检验专业学生为研究对象.将2019级学生作为对照组,采用传统教学模式;将2020级学生作为试验组,采用"SPOC+案例教学法"教学模式.比较2组学生期末总成绩、对教学内容掌握程度和试验组学生对教学方式满意度.结果:试验组学生的期末总成绩(t=11.070,P＜0.01)、及格率(x2=25.130,P＜0.01)和教学内容掌握程度(Z=2.815,P=0.005)好于对照组,且试验组有较高的教学方式满意度.结论:"SPOC+案例教学法"在医学统计学教学中的应用效果较好.此外,要实现教学效果最优化,需要提升教师的实操技能,持续建设线上、线下学习资源,实施课程评价机制和持续改进机制.

目的:分析手机成瘾、焦虑及抑郁对低年级大学生睡眠质量的影响.方法:采用匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)量表、手机成瘾指数(MPAI)量表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(中文版),对某高校的598名学生进行调查分析.结果:大学生PSQI得分为0～21分,平均(8.72±6.79)分,睡眠问题的检出率是49.5％.睡眠质量总分与MPAI总分、焦虑、抑郁均呈正相关(r=0.386、0.509、0.437,P<0.01).多重线性回归分析结果显示:焦虑抑郁和手机成瘾维度中的失控性、低效性均为睡眠质量的影响因素,决定系数R2为0.265.结论:焦虑、抑郁、失控性、低效性均会影响低年级大学生的睡眠质量.

目的 了解临床医学专业本科生医学统计学学习状况及其需求情况,为开展教学改革、提升教学质量提供参考.方法 使用自制调查问卷对某医学院校178名本科生进行调查.结果 学生对医学统计学的重要性有着较好的认知,但认为该学科难度大,学习兴趣一般;对绪论和统计描述部分内容的掌握情况较好;对课程设置和教学基本满意;部分学生建议增加实习课学时.结论 需要改进教学方法,提升学生学习兴趣,增加辅助教学内容.

目的 探讨在卫生统计学实验教学中TBL+CBL综合教学模式对医学生批判性思维能力和自主学习能力的影响.方法 选择学校预防医学专业五年制120名学生,分成2组,实验组60名采用TBL即以团队为基础的教学方法结合CBL即案例教学法的综合教学模式,对照组60名采用传统教学法即为以教师讲授为主,其教学模式是预习-听课-复习-考试.采用中文版批判性思维能力测量表(CTDI—CV)和医学生自主学习能力测评量表(MSALAAS)测量两组学生的差异,评价教学效果.结果 实验组批判性思维能力总分明显高于对照组,尤其在分析能力、系统化能力、自信心和求知欲方面两组差异显著,具有统计学意义.实验组自主学习能力总分及各维度即自我动机、学习信念、制定学习目标与计划、自我监测及调节、获取及处理信息和交流合作能力均明显高于对照组,两组差异显著,具有统计学意义.结论 TBL+CBL综合教学模式能够提高医学生的批判性思维能力和自主学习能力.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的了解沈阳市居民中职业人群健康素养状况。方法于2012年3月—2013年6月采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取沈阳市1 014名职业人群进行健康素养调查,以3个维度和6个类别分析职业特征人群（公职人员、农民、工人）的健康素养分布情况。结果 1 014名职业人群中公职人员300人,农民471人,工人243人;具备健康素养的比例为17.9%;3个维度中具备健康素养基本知识和理念者为27.8%,具备健康生活方式与行为者为12.4%,具备健康基本技能者为16.3%;6个问题中,具备健康科学观者为40.6%,具备传染病预防素养者为8.8%,具备慢性病预防素养者为21.8%,具备安全与急救素养者为34.7%,具备基本医疗素养者为7.8%,具备信息获取素养者为13.0%。结论沈阳市接受调查居民中职业人群健康素养水平总体处于较高水平,而公职人员、农民和工人3类人群在健康素养的某些方面存在一定差异,应有针对性地开展健康教育工作。</span>

目的:了解某高校2015年体检人群脂肪肝患病率,探讨其主要危险因素.方法:对来自该校2142名在职和退休教职工的健康体检资料进行分析,包括性别、年龄、舒张压、收缩压、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、血脂、空腹血糖及肾功等指标,及肝脏超声检查结果.结果:该校教工脂肪肝患病率为32.4%,男性(45.2%)高于女性(22.1%),男性50~岁组最高达64.4%,女性60~岁组最高达49.5%.Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、性别、舒张压、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、尿酸等与脂肪肝密切相关.结论:该校教工脂肪肝患病率较高,且多以中老年为主,但有年轻化趋势.另外,男性、高血压、高血脂、糖代谢紊乱、高尿酸血症及肝功异常均是脂肪肝患病的高危因素,其中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇是脂肪肝的保护因素.

目的:探讨医学生与非医学生的完美主义差异,医学生完美主义与大五人格的关系,以及适应不良完美主义对负性情绪预测.方法:抽取217名医学生和157名非医学生,测试两种多维完美主义,前者同时测试大五人格和负性情绪,6个月后,对其117名医学生再测负性情绪.结果:医学生与非医学生的完美主义无差异(Pillai'sTrace=0.001,P=0,776);适应性完美主义与神经质呈负相关(r=-0.147,P＜0.05),与道德感正相关(r=0.211,P＜0.01),适应不良完美主义与神经质呈正相关(r=0.157,P＜0.05),与利他性呈负相关(r=-0.159,P＜0.05),适应不良完美主义与抑郁、绝望呈正相关(r=0.187,0.424;P＜0.01);适应不良完美主义不能对6个月后的抑郁、绝望起预测作用.结论:本研究支持完美主义双重过程模型,且与大五人格中的神经质、利他性、道德感有关,适应不良完美主义与基线的抑郁、绝望水平有关.

目的:探讨某医学院校大学生学业拖延与学业自我效能感、情绪智力的关系以及绩优生与绩差生在这3方面的差异.方法:采用学业拖延量表-学生卷(PASS)、学业自我效能感问卷和情绪智力量表对该医学院118名二年级本科生进行自填式问卷调查.结果:医学生情绪智力对学业自我效能感有显著的正向预测作用(t =9.377,P＜0.001),学业自我效能感负向预测学业拖延(t=-2.523,P＜0.05),而情绪智力与学业拖延无相关.绩优生与绩差生在学业拖延(t=2.261,P＜0.05)及备考拖延水平上(t=3.120,P＜0.01)均有显著差异,在学习行为自我效能感方面也有较明显的差别(t=3.191,P＜0.05).二者在情绪智力水平上的差异无统计学意义.结论:医学生学业自我效能感与学业拖延关系密切,情绪智力正向预测学业自我效能感,情绪智力与学业拖延无关.绩优生学业拖延及备考拖延水平低于绩差生,学习行为自我效能感比绩差生高.情绪智力与学业成绩无关.

Objective To investigate the current situation of physical activity levels and the quality of life among medical students , and their relationship .Methods Random cluster sampling was used to collect the data of 660 subjects using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short vision and the abbreviated version of the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire .Results Among the 660 val-id questionnaires,58 cases(8.8%)were lack of physical activity,348 cases(52.7%)were moderate physical activity and 254 cases’ (38.5%)physical activity was active.To the female group,school record(G=0.090,P<0.05),father's cultural degree(G=0.095,P<0.05),mather's cultural degree(G=0.118,P<0.05),illnesses(χ2 =9.510,P<0.05)and daily sitting time(H=7.705,P<0.05) impacted on the level of physical activity significantly .The domains of psychological health ,social relations and surrounding environment were higher than the national adult norm .Moderate physical activity was a protective factor of physical health , the odd ratio ( OR ) was 1.89,and its 95 %CI was(1.03,3.39).Conclusion The majority of the students'physical activity levels is moderate or active ,the score of survival quality of medical students is higher .The level of physical activity among medical students is influenced by many fac-tors,and lack of physical activity may reduce the quality of life ,especially the domain of physical health .

目的 了解低年级护理本科生领悟社会支持和职业自我效能感的关系,为提高低年级护生的护理专业素质提供实证依据.方法 采用领悟社会支持量表和职业自我效能感问卷,对分层整群抽取的沈阳市某高校290名低年级护理本科生进行调查,并对调查结果进行分析.结果 职业自我效能感在不同性别、年级、母亲文化程度的低年级护理本科生间比较差异有统计学意义；低年级护理本科生职业自我效能感和领悟社会支持总分及其各维度存在不同程度的正相关.结论 领悟社会支持程度是影响低年级护理本科生职业自我效能感的重要因素。

目的 探讨大学生健康相关行为与学业成绩的关系.方法 采取整群抽样的方法,抽取某综合性大学医学院177名本科生,采用自行设计的大学生健康行为调查表进行调查,并查阅其必修课的学习成绩.结果 Spearman等级相关分析表明学生的学业成绩好与生源(0.370)、有午睡(0.431)、爱吃早餐(0.379)和制定时间计划(0.274,P均＜0.001)有显著相关,而学生平时(r=-0.171,P＜0.05)和周末晚上睡觉(r=-0.364,P＜0.001)越晚、周末晨起(r=-0.362,P＜0.001)越迟、嗜好吸烟(r=-0.194,P＜0.05)及饮酒(r=-0.230,P＜0.01),则学业成绩越差.多元线性回归分析表明,被引入的自变量即生源、周末晚上睡觉的时间、午睡、吃早餐和制定时间计划可解释学业成绩总变异的42.2％(R2=0.422,F=19.448,P＜0.001).结论 学生的学业成绩与生源、平时和周末晚上睡觉的时间、周末晨起的时间、午睡、吃早餐、制定时间计划、吸烟及饮酒等有关联.

Objective To explore the relationship between health-related behavior and academic performance of college students.Methods A total of 177 college students by cluster sampling in medical college of a university were investigated with Health Behavior Inventory for College Students by self-designed,and their academic performance of mandatory subjects.Results There were significant correlations between the following variables and higher academic performance:the source of students(r=0.370,P<0.001),having noon sleep(r=0.431,P<0.001),eating breakfast(r=0.379,P<0.001),using a planner to organize time(r=0.274,P<0.001).The following variables were associated with lower academic performance:later weekday bedtimes(r=-0.171,P<0.05)and later weekend bedtimes(r=-0.364,P<0.001),later weekend wake-up times(r=-0.362,P<0.001),more smoking(r=-0.194,P<0.05)and more drinking(r=-0.230,P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis determined that the independent variables included the source of students,weekend bedtimes,noon sleep,eating breakfast and time management;those accounted for 42.2% of the total variance in academic performance(R2=0.422,F=19.448,P<0.001).Conclusion College students' academic performance has a significant correlation with some health-related behavior.The set of variables include the source of students,weekday and weekend bedtime,weekend wake-up time,noon sleep,eating breakfast,time management,smoking and drinking habits.

Through the form of questionnaire,an investigation of campus cultural life of undergraduate students is carried out,and the current situations and characteristics of the contemporary undergraduate students are analyzed in the aspects of political thoughts,emotional needs,consumption concepts,and network life etc,and the problems druing the campus cultural construction are proposed,such as promoting the student individual socialized process and improving the self-cultivation.

针对医学统计学课程特点,开展多媒体教学的实践,对教学过程中值得注意的问题进行了深入的思考,以促进和提高医学统计学课程的多媒体教学质量。

BACKGROUND: Some scholars thought that social support is one of the key factors in determining self-esteem, and most scholars thought that subjective support is more meaningful than objective support. Yet on the domain of social support, Chinese scholars still put forward a problem about utilizations of social support besides subjective and objective support. However,how is the relationship between self-esteem and social support, especially the utilizations of social support in college students?OBJECTIVE: To probe into relationship between self-esteem and social support of college students and understand self-esteem and social support status of them.DESIGN: Cluster sampling and present situation study based on college students.SETTING: Department of medical psychology and behavior science in medical college of a university.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 154 comprehensive college students in south China were investigated.METHODS: Adopting self-esteem scale(SES) and social support questionnaire(SSQ) to conduct a self-evaluating investigation among 154 students in a comprehensive university in south China.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The scores on SES and SSQ on three dimensions for 154 college students.RESULTS: The boy college students got higher scores on self-esteem than that of girls' ( t = 2. 510, P ＜ 0: 05). Non-only-child college students' total scores and utilizations of social support were significantly higher than only child college students(t= -1.983, P ＜0.05; t= -3.475, P=0.01).The self-esteem was significantly positive correlated with the utilization of social support.CONCLUSION: College students'self-esteem is related to social support.

目的探讨大学生自尊与社会支持的关系.方法采用自尊量表(SES)、社会支持评定量表(肖水源)对154名某综合性大学的本科生进行调查研究.结果自尊与社会支持中的利用度有显著正相关.结论大学生自尊与社会支持存在关系.

本文就大学生的心理行为因素对学业成绩的影响这方面的国内外的研究进行了综述.