【Objective】 To evaluate the effects of different carbohydrates on the predation and flight ability of Hippodamia variegata with a view to providing a theoretical basis for better exerting the pest control efficiency of H.variegata.【Method】 After supplementing with different carbohydrates, the predation of H.variegata under different densities ofAphis gossypii was measured indoors, and the flight parameters of H.variegata under different treatments were measured by an indoor flying mill system.【Results】 The predatory functional response of H.variegata adults to the fourth instar nymphs of A.gossypii after supplementing with different carbohydrates was Holling-Ⅱ. After supplementing carbohydrates nutrition, as the density of the prey gradually increases, the predation ability of H.variegata increases, and the searching ability gradually decreases. Compared with the treatment of water, the predation and searching ability of H.variegata under the treatment of glucose and sucrose have both increased, The daily maximum number of scales preyed theoretic by female H.variegata adults was 675.68 and 757.58 respectively, and The daily maximum number of scales preyed theoretic by male H.variegata adults was 374.53 and 609.76 respectively; after supplementing glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltoseand raffinose, the cumulative flight time and cumulative flight distance of H.variegata prolonged significantly; the accumulate flight time was 7.78, 6.17, 7.58, 6.80 and 6.63 h respectively, and the accumulate flight distance was 9.51, 7.70, 8.46, 6.94 and 7.12 km respectively of female H.variegata adults; the accumulate flight time was 4.69, 4.99, 5.17, 5.09 and 5.20 h respectively, and the accumulated flight distance was 4.53, 5.41, 5.28, 4.72 and 5.52 km respectively of male H.variegata adults; after supplementing glucose and maltose, the maximum flight time and flight distance of female H.variegata was significantly extended, the maximum flight time is 1.99 and 2.88 h respectively, and the maximum flight distance is 2.90 and 2.83 km respectively; supplementation of different carbohydrate nutrients had no significant effect on the flight speed of adult H.variegata.【Conclusion】 Supplementation of glucose and sucrose can improve the predation and searching ability of H.variegata, and supplementation of glucose and maltose can improve the flight ability of H.variegata.

以'克瑞森无核'葡萄为试验材料,于萌芽期使用不同种类的有机水溶肥,观测其对植株新梢生长、不同时期的叶绿素含量及果实质量的变化,探究出一套适用于干旱区葡萄栽植的省力化早期促长技术研究方案.结果表明,经"墨尔厚""海思力加"和"土之道"等有机水溶肥处理的葡萄,其3～4叶节间长度均显著缩短."墨尔厚"处理对增加果实粒重有显著效果,"土之道"处理有利于促进穗重的增加.此外,"海思力加""土之道"处理过的葡萄果实可滴定酸含量降低,固酸比显著高于对照,风味有所提高.各处理对果粒着色影响不大,对果实不同发育期的叶片叶绿素含量影响不一.

以8年生'克瑞森无核'葡萄为试材,于花前5d至始花期采取不同的花穗整形方式进行整穗处理.结果表明:与对照相比,几种整穗方式均显著增大了果粒重;留穗尖10 cm整穗处理的葡萄穗重极显著高于对照,达339.63 g;留穗尖6～10 cm的整穗处理可促使果穗紧凑;留穗尖6 cm和留穗尖8 cm处理的果实总酸含量降低,固酸比提高,使果实风味提升,果实品质提高.主成分综合评价结果显示,留穗尖6～8 cm整穗处理的综合效果优于对照,以留穗尖6 cm整穗的效果最佳.

本研究于2015—2017年通过扫网法系统调查了北疆棉田周边17种常见杂草上草蛉种群密度与季节动态.结果表明:北疆棉区杂草带上共有6种草蛉分布,其中普通草蛉Chrysopa carnea(占64.8％)、叶色草蛉C.phyllochroma(占25.8％)为优势种.草蛉种群密度在不同杂草上存在显著差异,紫花苜蓿、大麻上的草蛉密度分别在2015年、2016年显著高于其他杂草,2017年甘草、罗布麻、苦豆子上的草蛉密度较高.另外,草蛉密度呈现出明显的季节性波动,棉花花铃期(7月—8月)、吐絮期(9月)杂草上草蛉密度显著高于棉花苗期与蕾期(5月—6月).本研究明确了北疆棉区草蛉种类组成结构,筛选出紫花苜蓿、大麻、甘草、罗布麻、苦豆子5种对草蛉存在潜在保育作用的功能杂草,为利用田埂杂草促进棉田草蛉类天敌的保育控害提供了科学依据.

[目的]分析田埂碱蓬带对棉田多异瓢虫种群发生的影响,为合理利用非棉田生境实施棉蚜的生态治理提供科学依据.[方法]采用田间种群系统调查和天敌控害功能罩笼评价.[结果]田埂碱蓬带是棉田多异瓢虫的重要来源;有碱蓬带的棉田中多异瓢虫种群密度、多异瓢虫与棉蚜的益害比均高于没有碱蓬带的对照棉田,其中多异瓢虫平均密度是对照棉田的1.9倍、益害比是对照棉田的8.8倍;利用罩笼进行天敌隔离处理,第7和14 d处理组(封闭罩笼)棉花上棉蚜种群增长率均显著高于开放罩笼的对照组;有碱蓬带的棉田中捕食性天敌对棉蚜的控害指数显著高于对照棉田.[结论]棉田田埂碱蓬带能有效增加棉田中多异瓢虫种群密度并提高益害比,对控制棉田棉蚜发生发挥着重要作用.碱蓬在天敌保育与控害中有重要作用,棉田周边予以留种.

[目的]研究田埂边苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroidesL.)条带对棉田内捕食性天敌发生及其控蚜作用的影响,为棉花生产中田埂合理保留保育天敌的功能性杂草、促进棉田天敌保育与害虫自然控制提供科学依据.[方法]系统调查田边苦豆子条带及棉田天敌与害虫种群,罩笼评价天敌控害功能.[结果]苦豆子与棉花上捕食性天敌种类基本相同、群落结构相似,苦豆子条带上各类主要捕食性天敌的数量均显著高于棉田.处理棉田(棉田边有苦豆子条带)中瓢虫、草蛉、蜘蛛密度分别为对照棉田(棉田边无杂草)的1.3、3.4和4.5倍,发生高峰期较对照棉田提前一周左右.6月上旬和8月,处理棉田的捕食性天敌和蚜虫之间的益害比显著高于对照棉田.处理棉田捕食性天敌对棉蚜控害指数显著高于对照棉田.[结论]苦豆子杂草带对有益天敌具有明显保育作用,能促进棉田捕食性天敌的发生与生物控害.

名牌农产品是指有价值的农产品品牌,即质量好、成本低、市场占有份额高、超值创利能力强、出口业绩优良,并拥有注册商标,具有较强的超越地理和文化边界能力的农产品.面临当前及未来农产品市场激烈竞争的形势,充分全面认识创建名牌农产品的必要性,树立正确的名牌农产品观念,从而探索出一条行之有效的创建名牌农产品之路,对兵团经济的可持续发展显得格外重要.

试验结果表明进行体外受精试验时，不同季节绵羊体外受精的结果差异很大。卵母细胞的成熟率、受精率、囊胚率均以秋季处理的为高，尤其是卵母细胞的体外成熟率(P＜0.01)秋季为80.78％。

采用玻璃化冷冻保存方法，对375个成熟的绵羊卵母细胞进行冷冻，解冻后进行体外受精。结果为：形态完好率94.4％，卵裂114个，36个受精卵达到早期桑葚胚的阶段。实验的目的在于尝试绵羊卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻保存的可能性，相信绵羊卵母细胞冷冻保存问题最终会得到解决。

该文阐述了兵团发展外向型农业的意义，并对兵团农业的外向度做了简单分析，进而提出兵团发展外向型农业的对策。

Taubert seeds were soaked with different concentration of CaCl\-2 and glycerin for 24 hours at 15 ℃,and germinated at (15±1.5) ℃.The results showed that 0.5% CaCl\-2 increased obviously the germination rate,germinating energy,germination index and vigor index of seed;and 1% glycerin and 1% CaCl\-2 had effect on increasing seed vigor but the effect was not obvious.\;