目的 了解医护人员及患者对海口市三甲医院叫停门诊输液的看法及叫停门诊静脉输液后的利弊.方法 设计叫停门诊静脉输液利弊的调查问卷,对海南省海口市两家三甲医院和两家社区医院的医务人员100名和患者200名进行问卷调查.结果 医务人员和患者对叫停门诊静脉输液政策的支持率为75.68％,对患者每年的输液次数影响显著,大部分患者(66.50％)医疗费用无变化,叫停输液可促进三级分级诊疗的进行.结论 大部分医务人员和患者支持叫停门诊静脉输液.叫停门诊静脉输液后,患者的就医受到一定程度的影响,虽然输液次数和医疗费用未发生很大变化,但可促进三级分级诊疗的推进,引导更多患者到基层首诊,进一步规范三级诊疗.

高校教师岗位聘期考核涉及到全体教师的切身利益和学校的发展大局,科学合理的考核方案能充分调动教师工作的积极性,进而提升学校的教学科研服务水平.本文主要对H高校绩效考核方案的制定进行了探索,并指出了存在的问题及今后改进的方向.

目的 对海口市老年人进行为期1年的口腔健康干预,分析干预效果.方法 采用分层随机抽样法,在海口市美兰区随机抽取2个居委会作为调查点.每个居委会随机抽取65～74岁常住老年人口120人,分别为干预组(接受3次口腔健康检查、3次口腔健康教育和1次口腔基础治疗,同时根据个人需要提供个性指导)和对照组(不予任何处理).结果 干预前,干预组总龋病患病率和填充率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,干预组总龋病患病率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预组总龋病填充率显著高于对照组(P<0.05).干预前,两组牙龈出血、牙结石、牙周袋(≥4 mm)、附着丧失(≥4 mm)检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,干预组牙龈出血、牙结石、牙周袋(≥4 mm)检出率显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 健康教育和基础治疗的干预方式可以有效地改善了老年人的口腔健康状况,对改变老年人口腔就诊行为起到一定的作用.

目的 探索海南省农村居民的生命质量的影响因素,为提高海南省农村居民生命质量提供参考.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取样本.以面对面访谈的形式采用SF-36量表调查海南省15岁及以上农村居民生命质量状况,共调查1 893人.应用SPSS 25.0进行统计分析,得到有效的结论.结果 单因素分析结果显示:民族、婚姻状况、年龄、文化程度、慢性病、生活压力、失眠程度对生命质量状况的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).最优尺度回归分析结果显示:影响海南省农村居民生命质量状况的因素有年龄(β=-0.217)、民族(β=0.114)、婚姻状况(β=0.044)、文化程度(β=0.125)、是否患有慢性病(β=0.199)、生活压力(β=0.099)、饮酒程度(β=0.087)、失眠程度(β=0.201).结论 年龄、是否患有慢性病、失眠程度、文化程度是对海南省农村居民生命质量的主要影响因素.

对大学生亚健康和家庭亲密度和适应性的相关文献进行回顾和综述,概为介绍:大学生亚健康的现状及其影响因素(尤其以家庭方面的影响因素为主),家庭亲密度和适应性的研究现状及与亚健康的相关的问题,最后论述关于家庭亲密度和适应性与大学生亚健康的研究展望.

目的:基于健康信念模式,分析医学生的抑郁状况,期望为医学生心理卫生问题的干预提供新的思路.方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法选取海南省某高等医学院校1053名医学生,采用自编一般情况调查表、90项症状清单(SCL-90)、应付方式问卷(CSQ)、医学生健康信念调查问卷展开调查.结果:医学生抑郁症状阳性率为17.5％;多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果表明,性别、应对方式、"知觉到障碍"、"知觉到严重性"、"知觉到易感性"、"自我效能"等6个因素是医学生抑郁的相关因素.结论:医学生抑郁的相关因素包括个人因素以及健康信念中的"知觉到障碍"、"知觉到严重性"、"知觉到易感性"、"自我效能"因素,医学生心理干预可尝试基于健康信念模式的干预方式.

随着生活节奏的加快,互联网技术的发展,人们工作和学习的时间越来越碎片化.大学生是一个特殊的群体,其时间的管理和支配直接影响个人素质的提升和学业质量的情况,大学生时间碎片化研究引起了越来越多研究者的关注.本研究旨在梳理大学生时间碎片化的概念及其相关研究,探讨目前研究存在的问题,以期为后人的研究提供借鉴.

文章调查海口市老年人社区照护需求情况及海口市老年人对社区照护服务的认识情况,有针对性的、 精确的提供照护服务,提高老年人生活满意度及生活质量.采用自行设计调查问卷,选择海口市四个区每个区100位60岁以上的老年人进行调查,并进行统计分析.对海口市老年人的健康需求进行调查,为后续工作提供支持.调研发现:有23.9％的老人所居住的小区并没有社区服务,而76.1％的老人所居住的小区有社区服务,并且58.3％对其服务感到满意,41.0％的对其服务感觉一般,还有0.7％的老人对其服务并不满意并希望得到改善.本次调查显示老年人主要的照护需求是:定期体检、 血压监测、 安全用药指导、 健康指导、 饮食指导.建议积极开展慢性病宣讲;加强慢性病管理和社区照护服务;培养高质量的老年照护人才;设立长期护理保险基金,纳入各类医疗保险基金管理.

目的 了解海南省某医学院部分在校学生的焦虑情绪现况及其与家庭功能的关系,为预防医学生焦虑的发生提供参考.方法采用整群随机抽样的方法选取海南省某医学院1349名医学生,以贝克焦虑量表(BAI)和家庭关怀度指数量表(APGAR)展开调查.结果检出有焦虑情绪人数152人,检出率11.3％;男生焦虑检出率高于女生,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).有焦虑情绪的医学生家庭功能总分及家庭适应度、家庭合作度、家庭成长度、家庭情感度和家庭亲密度得分均低于无焦虑者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).家庭功能总分及各维度得分均与焦虑得分呈负相关.结论海南省医学生的焦虑状况与其家庭功能呈负相关,良好的家庭功能有助于缓解其焦虑情绪.

目的 探讨心理健康教育新模式,了解基于健康信念模式的医学生情绪管理状况,为进一步开展医学生情绪管理及心理健康教育提供基础数据.方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取本校学生1050名,采用自编一般情况调查表和医学生情绪管理能力调查问卷进行调查.结果 城市学生在“知觉到益处”“知觉到严重性”“自我效能”“外部回报”4个维度上的得分及总分均低于乡村学生(P均＜0.05);独生子女学生在“知觉到益处”“知觉到严重性”2个维度上的得分及总分均低于非独生子女学生(P均＜ 0.05);单亲家庭和非单亲家庭学生情绪管理能力各维度得分及总分差异无统计学意义(P均＞ 0.05);在“知觉到障碍”“自我效能”及总分上,直系亲属未患过心理疾病的学生得分均低于其他学生(P均＜0.05);母亲文化程度为大学及以上的学生在“知觉到益处”“知觉到严重性”“自我效能”3个维度及总分均低于母亲文化程度较低的学生(P均＜ 0.05).结论 医学生的情绪管理能力在健康信念模式的某些维度上存在差异.

Objective To analyze the influence of oral health intervention on oral health-related quality of life for elderly people in Haikou, and to provide scientific basis for exploring effective measures for oral intervention of elderly people in Haikou. Methods A total of 240 people aged 65~74 years old in two residents, committees in Haikou were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. They were divided into intervention group and control group,with 120 people in each group. In the intervention group, examination of mouth (3 times) and oral health education (3 times) were conducted during a one-year intervention period, and individualized guidance was provided according to in-dividual needs. The control group only received the questionnaire investigation, which was not given any oral health examination and oral health education. The scores of the oral health impact scale (ohip-14) after one year was compared between the two groups. Results The total average OHIP-14 score of intervention group and control group before the intervention were respectively (15.05±5.37), (15.42±4.32);there was no significant difference in the total score of oral health-related quality of life and its four dimensions between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the total average OHIP-14 score of intervention group and control group were respectively (8.83 ± 5.19), (14.72 ± 7.94);the total scores of oral health-related quality of life, psychological discomfort, physical functional discomfort, pain and discomfort in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Oral health intervention can effectively improve the level of oral health-related quality of life, which should be actively carried out to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

通过多级抽样的方法,同时采用问卷调查的方式,对海南本科大学生微商参与度进行调查,描述性分析海南本科大学生微商参与度的基本情况,继而深入分析微商对大学生学习的影响,并以此为基础,为开展大学生微商教育提出科学性的建议,从而引导大学生在面对微商浪潮时可以科学分析做出理性的选择,避免盲目跟风,造成经济上、精神上,甚至人身安全上的损害.

通过多级抽样的方法,同时采用问卷调查的方式,首先对海南本科大学生微商知信行进行调查,描述性分析海南本科大学生微商知信行的现状,继而深入分析造成此现状的原因,并以此为基础,为开展大学生微商知信行的教育提出科学性的建议.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the correlation between life events, coping styles and depression of adolescent in Haikou.METHODS:In the urban and rural areas of Haikou between March and May, 2015, a total of 4995 students from grade 4 to grade 9 of6 primary schools and 6 junior middle schools were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Children's Depression Inventory( CDI), Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List( ASLEC) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire( SCSQ) were used for the study. A total of 4866 valid questionnaires were recovered. Among them, there were 2508 boys and2358 girls. The number of primary school students was 2670, and the number of juniormiddle school students was 2196. There were 3385 urban students and 1481 rural students.RESULTS:The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 32. 3%( 1573/4866). The total score of ASLEC( 71. 14 ± 22. 79 vs. 57. 87 ± 20. 73) and interpersonal relationships( 3. 21 ± 1. 08 vs. 2. 67 ± 0. 96), study pressure( 3. 00 ± 1. 00 vs. 2. 50 ±0. 91), punished( 2. 65 ± 1. 06 vs. 2. 11 ± 0. 96), loss( 2. 57 ± 1. 49 vs. 2. 16 ± 1. 36), health adaptation( 2. 27 ± 1. 10 vs. 1. 93 ± 0. 96) and other dimension( 2. 55 ± 1. 08 vs. 1. 86 ± 0. 88) were higher in students with depressive symptoms than those in normal students, and the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 001). The positive coping scores of adolescents with depression was( 2. 48 ± 0. 52), while normal adolescents was( 2. 78 ± 0. 55, P < 0. 001). The negative coping score of adolescents with depression was( 2. 28 ± 0. 51), while normal adolescents was( 2. 14 ± 0. 48, t =-9. 49, P < 0. 001). By using Pearson's simple correlation analysis, interpersonal relationships, study pressure, punished, loss, health adaptation and other life events were positively correlated with adolescent depression, the correlation coefficients were 0. 317, 0. 306, 0. 304, 0. 172, 0. 207 and 0. 390, respectively. Pearson's simple correlation analysis of adolescent depression and response showed that the correlation coefficient between adolescent depression and positive coping was-0. 353, and the correlation coefficient of negative coping was 0. 169.CONCLUSION:The symptoms of adolescent depression in Haikou City was positively correlated with the life events of adolescents, and negatively correlated with positive coping, and positively correlated with negative coping.

本文采用随机抽样方法对海南高校大学生的"大创"知晓率进行问卷调查.结果被调查的大学生知晓率达70.53％,其中女生知晓率高于男生(74.1％);大五学生知晓率高于其他年级(91.7％);在专业方面政法科最高(85.7％);在成绩情况角度排名10％知晓率最高(76.05％);均具有统计学意义.结论海南省本科大学生对"大创"项目的知晓率并不高,"大创"是教育部高度重视的科研项目,学校应该继续增加宣传力度.

[Objective] To objectively and exactly justify the unconventional emergency psychological crisis intervention system of university in Hainan Province,establish a matter element model for justifying the status of unconventional emergency psychological crisis intervention in university of Hainan Province on the basis of extension theory.[Methods] The samples were collected with multi-stage random sampling method,a cross-sectional survey was performed among 3 027 students from 4 universities of Hainan Province by self-designed college unconventional emergency intervention system evaluation questionnaire during April to May in 2016,and the extension model theory was used to comprehensively analyze the psychological crisis intervention system.[Results] The differences in four dimensions of the system were statistically significant among different universities (P＜0.05).The extension model analysis showed that matrix calculation result for overall connection degree (αj) was [-0.402 0,-0.108 3 0.149 2,-0.298 4],that of Hainan University,Hainan Normal University,Hainan Medical College and Haikou School of Economics was respectively [-0.363 0,-0.034 5,0.088 7,-0.299 2],[-0.472 1,-0.206 6,0.276 4,-0.255 9],[-0.421 2,-0.133 2,0.205 0,-0.290 5] and [-0.351 7,-0.058 9,0.026 7,-0.348 0],which all belonged to class 3 (middle level).[Conclusion] The unconventional emergency psychological crisis intervention system of university in Hainan Province belongs to the middle level,and should be further improved and completed.

为了解海南省家庭医生的基本情况、工作现状和职业满意度情况,并探讨改善职业满意度的措施,采用随机抽样法,在海南省已经开始试行家庭医生签约服务的社区卫生服务机构中抽取几家社区卫生服务中心/站、卫生院,对180名医务人员进行问卷调查.研究结果显示,家庭医生以男性为主(73%),学历以高中或中专为主(47%),平均收入大概在3000~5000元范围内(47%),执业类型以护士为主(42%),从事工作年限一般在五年以上(71%),听说过家庭医生式服务(90%),了解海南省家庭医生服务的相关政策(69%),认为家庭医生的出现符合海南的现状(73%),工作时间小于或等于8小时(61%),感觉工作压力较大(57%);71%的医务人员认为进行家庭医生培训是为了能更好地为病人排忧解难;71%没有参加过家庭医生的培训;74.7%对职业满意度选择不满意或一般.最后得出结论:多渠道、全方位加强家庭医生人才队伍的培养;签约到具体医生,落实家庭医生激励制度.

目的 了解海南省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖健康关于知识认知、态度、行为状况,并分析其影响因素.方法 选择分层整群随机抽样法,选取850位农村已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查,运用EpiData3.0和SPSS17.0进行有关统计,采用x2检验,并就影响因素进行非条件Logistic分析.结果 海南省农村已婚育龄妇女有关生殖健康知识知晓率为48.5％,生殖健康相关行为持有率为61.6％;影响农村已婚育龄妇女生殖健康知识知晓率的主要因素为职业、自我健康满意度及自述平时注重健康情况;影响生殖健康行为持有率的主要因素有文化程度、自我健康满意度及生殖健康知识总知晓情况.结论 建议开展以生殖健康为切入点进行社区家庭医生签约服务;规范并提高社区健康教育服务管理.

Objective To study the oral health epidemic situation among the elderly people in Haikou aged 65-74,in order to provide the basic data for the diseases prevention.Methods Totally 875 residents aged 65-74 were selected by using stratified sampling in four areas of Haikou,and given oral health check from June 13,2015 lasted for half a year.Results ①The abnormal rate of oral mucosa was 8.5％.②The prevalence rate of dental caries,such as crown caries,root caries,total caries was respectively 71.1％,56.7％,79.1％.The caries detection rate of men and women,was respectively 78.0％,79.9％,and there was no significant difference between men and women χ2=0.462,P=0.497).③The prevalence rate of periodontal disorders,such as gingival bleeding,dental calculus,periodontal pockets was respectively 57.8％,83.5％,24.0％;on average,9.15 (gingival bleeding),16.57 (dental calculus) and 1.71 (periodontal pockets) teeth per person exhibited.Prevalence of LOA＞4 mm (at least 1 teeth) was 55.7％,while the prevalence of LOA≥6 mm (at least 1 teeth) declined to 17.6％.④Missing teeth detection rate was 58.6％,the mean of missing teeth was 4.56.Conclusion More than half of the surveyed people have dental caries,bleeding gums,dental calculus;over half of the elderly people in Haikou have missing teeth,close to 20％ of people have severe periodontitis.The appropriate measures should be used to strengthen the periodontal disease prevention and to improve the oral health status of elderly people.

目的 分析不同教学方法对医学生自主能力的干预效果.方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,从海南医学院本科三年级学生中抽取6个班,干预1组(提前发放案例材料)、干预2组(不提前发放案例材料)和对照组(传统教学方式)各两个班.结果干预1组在干预前后自主学习能力有明显的提高;干预2组有提高的趋势,但是效果不明显.结论运用案例学习法和任务驱动的方式能够提高大学生自主学习能力.