BACKGROUND:Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and chronic diarrhea. T lymphocytes, which play a crucial role in gut inflammation and immune responses, may significantly contribute to the pathophysiology of IBS-D. However, the exact mechanisms by which T lymphocytes affect IBS-D remain unclear. The precise pathways and interactions involved in IBS-D are still to be determined. METHODS:We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing on blood samples from 4 IBS-D patients and 4 healthy controls. Following data preprocessing, we conducted subsequence bioinformatics analysis. Additionally, serum and colon tissue samples from IBS-D rat models were analyzed using ELISA and three-parameter fluorescence to further elucidate the T lymphocytes landscape associated with IBS-D. RESULTS:A total of 45,649 cells were classified into four distinct cell types. Among them, T lymphocytes were further subdivided into 20 unique clusters. Novel markers that were highly expressed in T lymphocytes were identified. Dysregulation of HIF-1α pathway, NF-kappa B pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway, were observed through trajectory analysis. Additionally, single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering analysis revealed the FOS signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target for IBS-D. Furthermore, we detected abnormally elevated levels of PLK3 and NFKBIZ in the serum and colon tissues of the IBS-D rat model. Our study mapped the communication atlas of T lymphocytes that may influence the pathophysiology of IBS-D. CONCLUSIONS:This study uncovers novel molecular features and identifies potential therapeutic targets of T lymphocytes in IBS-D, thereby advancing our understanding of the disease and expanding treatment options.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of acupoint application of Xiaoying Sanjie Prescription on benign thyroid nodules with the syndrome of qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction.Methods Eighty patients with benign thyroid nodules（syndrome of qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction）treated in the Department of Endocrinology of Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from May 2019 to April 2021 were randomly assigned into a control group（n=40）and an observation group（n=40）according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with Xiaojin Tablets, and the observation group with Xiaojin Tablets combined with acupoint application of Xiaoying Sanjie Prescription（4 times a week, 4 h each time）.After 3 months of treatment, the clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.The TCM syndrome score, thyroid maximum nodule diameter, thyroid function indicators[free triiodothyronine（FT3）,free thyroxine（FT4）,and thyroid-stimulating hormone（TSH）],and safety indicators such as blood routine, liver function, renal function, urine routine, and electrocardiogram were compared between before and after treatment as well as between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 73.5%（25/34）,which was higher than that（57.8%,22/38）of the control group（P＜0.05）.The treatment in both groups decreased the TCM syndrome score and thyroid maximum nodule diameter（P＜0.05）,and the observation group had lower TCM syndrome score and thyroid maximum nodule diameter than the control group（P＜0.05）.The FT3,FT4,and TSH levels showed no significant differences between the two groups as well as between before and after treatment（P＞0.05）.The incidence of adverse reactions had no significant difference between the two groups（P＞0.05）.Conclusion The acupoint application of Xiaoying Sanjie Prescription can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms of patients with benign thyroid nodules（syndrome of qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction）and reduce the maximum diameter of nodules without compromising the thyroid function of patients and has high safety.Therefore, this therapy is worthy of clinical application.

新冠肺炎疫情期,在校课堂教学改成居家在线教学.为了应对因授课方式、授课环境改变而给教学带来的挑战,结合在线教学及超声诊断学学科特点,引用了BOPPPS+基于问题的学习(PBL)教学模式.该模式以学生为中心,以问题为指引,以参与讨论式学习为形式,注重教学反馈.教学中通过引入问题、探究问题、解决问题,引申问题等步骤,培养学生自主学习,建立拓展临床思维,提升探究、解决实际问题能力,教学效果相对显著.同时对教学模式进行反思,提出教学建议,为超声诊断学及相关课程教学提供思路及参考.

目的 探讨基于超声虚拟仿真教学系统在后疫情阶段超声诊断学见习课堂教学中的应用价值.方法 将在北京中医药大学东方医院进行超声诊断见习教学的中西医结合研究生均70人,分为运用基于超声虚拟仿真教学系统见习教学法(实验组)和传统见习法(对照组),两组以期末读图考试成绩及期末调查满意度表,检验授课效果.结果 课后教学满意度调查表评估,教学形式新颖、接受度高;教学内容丰富、易于理解;提高见习课堂学习主动性;增强知识的趣味性;提高动手操作能力,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组满意度优于对照组.期末读图考试成绩实验组(14.63±2.71)分及对照组(13.09±3.45)分,成绩差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组成绩优于对照组.结论 在后疫情阶段,超声诊断学见习课堂中应用超声虚拟仿真教学系统效果优于传统见习教学法,见习场所安全性高,值得推广.

目的:探讨芎归六君子汤对急性心肌梗死患者再灌注损伤后心功能及氧化应激水平的影响.方法:将 80例急性心肌梗死患者再灌注损伤后作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组各 40 例,对照组给予常规治疗,研究组在对照组治疗基础上给予芎归六君子汤治疗.记录两组治疗前后的心功能、氧化应激水平、心肌肌钙蛋白 I、肌酸激酶同工酶、中医证候积分,统计疗效.结果:治疗前,两组心功能、氧化应激水平、心肌肌钙蛋白 I (cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、中医证候积分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05 );治疗后,两组心功能、氧化应激水平、cTnI、CK-MB、中医证候积分均较治疗前改善,与对照组相比,研究组疗效、心功能、氧化应激水平、cTnI、CK-MB、中医证候积分改善更明显(P＜0.05).结论:芎归六君子汤能够有效改善急性心肌梗死患者再灌注损伤后心功能,调节氧化应激水平.

目的 基于肠-肝轴理论探讨茵陈苓桂剂对高脂饲料诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)大鼠肠黏膜屏障的影响及机制.方法 从60只SD大鼠中随机取10只作为对照组,余大鼠采用高脂饲料建立NAFLD模型.造模成功后,将48只大鼠随机分为5组,茵陈苓桂剂高、中、低剂量组分别给予19.6 g/kg、9.8 g/kg、4.9 g/kg的茵陈苓桂剂灌胃,多烯磷脂酰胆碱组给予0.15 g/kg多烯磷脂酰胆碱灌胃,对照组和模型组给予等体积的蒸馏水灌胃.连续灌胃4周后,HE染色观察各组大鼠肝脏及回肠末端组织病理变化,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及血浆内毒素(LPS)水平,Western blot法检测回肠组织中TLR4及CD14蛋白表达情况,免疫组织化学法检测回肠组织中紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin表达情况.结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠肝脏和回肠组织可见明显病理损伤,血清ALT、AST、TC、TG、TNF-α、IL-6及血浆LPS水平和回肠组织中TLR4、CD14蛋白相对表达量均明显增高(P均<0.05),回肠组织中ZO-1、Occludin平均光密度值均明显降低(P均<0.05).与模型组比较,多烯磷脂酰胆碱组与茵陈苓桂剂高、中剂量组大鼠血清ALT、AST、TC、TG水平和茵陈苓桂剂低剂量组大鼠血清AST、TC水平均明显降低(P均<0.05);茵陈苓桂剂高剂量组血清AST水平明显低于中剂量组(P<0.05),血清ALT、TC、TG水平均明显低于低剂量组(P均<0.05).与模型组比较,茵陈苓桂剂高剂量组大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6及血浆LPS水平和茵陈苓桂剂中剂量组血清IL-6水平均明显降低(P均<0.05),各给药组大鼠回肠组织中ZO-1、Occludin蛋白阳性表达均增多,TLR4、CD14蛋白相对表达量均明显降低(P均<0.05),茵陈苓桂剂高剂量组大鼠回肠组织中ZO-1、Occludin蛋白表达平均光密度值均明显升高(P均<0.05).结论 茵陈苓桂剂可改善NAFLD大鼠肝脏炎症,调节脂代谢,修复肠道紧密连接,靶向调控LPS/TLR4信号通路的转导,通过调节肠-肝轴、保护肠黏膜屏障功能达到治疗NAFLD的目的.

目的:观察茵陈苓桂剂对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响,探讨茵陈苓桂剂对NASH大鼠的作用机制.方法:将60只SPF级雄性SD大鼠适应性喂养7 d后,随机分成正常组(10只)和造模组(50只),正常组予以普通饲料喂养,造模组予以高脂饲料喂养8周;在造模组中随机取2只大鼠,确定造模成功后,再将造模组剩下的48只大鼠随机分为模型组(8只)、茵陈苓桂剂高剂量组(10只)、茵陈苓桂剂中剂量组(10只)、茵陈苓桂剂低剂量组(10只)和多烯磷脂酰胆碱组(10只);予对应灌胃药物给药4周.测定大鼠的体重和肝湿重以计算肝指数,测量大鼠空腹血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量和用ELISA测定胰岛素(INS)水平,来计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).用生化法检测大鼠丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)和甘油三酯(TG)含量;ELISA测定大鼠游离脂肪酸(FFA)、瘦素(LEP)、脂联素(APN)水平.结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的肝指数、HOMA-IR及大鼠血清ALT、AST、T-CHO、TG、FFA水平显著增高(P＜0.01),血清及肝组织匀浆LEP水平显著升高(P＜0.01),APN水平显著降低(P＜0.01).与模型组比较,多烯磷脂酰胆碱组及茵陈苓桂剂各剂量组大鼠肝指数、HOMA-IR值及大鼠血清AST、T-CHO水平显著降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),血清APN水平显著升高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);多烯磷脂酰胆碱组及茵陈苓桂剂高、中剂量组大鼠ALT、TG水平均显著性降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),肝组织匀浆APN水平显著升高(P＜0.01);多烯磷脂酰胆碱组及茵陈苓桂剂高剂量组大鼠血清FFA水平显著降低(P＜0.01).在血清及肝组织匀浆LEP含量方面,多烯磷脂酰胆碱组大鼠与模型组比较显著降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);而茵陈苓桂剂对于NASH大鼠血清及肝组织匀浆LEP水平的影响差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:茵陈苓桂剂能够通过改善肝指数、HOMA-IR及ALT、AST、T-CHO、TG、FFA水平,调控血清及肝组织匀浆APN含量,降低胰岛素抵抗,而达到防治NASH的目的.

目的 分析肌骨超声半定量分级评价类风湿关节炎(RA)患者关节活动性的临床价值.方法 选取2019年1月至2021年7月北京中医药大学东方医院收治的80例RA患者为研究对象,根据疾病活动评分分为缓解期组,低、中、高活动期组.另选我院同期体检80名健康志愿者为对照组.比较各组关节超声检查及血清学指标水平.结果 各组滑膜增生、滑膜血流信号、骨侵蚀、关节积液的超声半定量分级评分、总评分及血清红细胞沉降率(ESR)、类风湿因子(RF)、基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP-3)、抗环瓜氨酸抗体(anti-CCP)、抗突变型瓜氨酸波形蛋白抗体(anti-MCV)水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).其中,高活动期组滑膜增生、滑膜血流信号、骨侵蚀、关节积液的超声半定量分级评分和总分高于中活动期组、低活动期组、缓解期组及对照组(P＜0.05);中活动期组高于低活动期组、缓解期组及对照组(P＜0.05);低活动期组高于缓解期组及对照组(P＜0.05);缓解期组高于对照组(P＜0.05).肌骨超声半定量分级总评分与RA患者血清ESR、RF、CRP、anti-CCP、anti-MCV均呈正相关(r=0.651、0.736、0.720、0.711、0.749,P＜0.05).结论 肌骨超声半定量分级与RA患者血清指标密切相关,利用肌骨超声半定量分级可为早期评价患者病情进展提供参考.

压力性尿失禁是女性多发的慢性病,临床关注度日益增高.近年来压力性尿失禁的诊断手段研究成为热点,研究表明经会阴三维超声在压力性尿失禁的诊断中有一定优势;中医认为该病可根据患者的症状、舌脉表现等进行辨证分型,从而更好地指导中药治疗.因此,就压力性尿失禁的中医辨证分型和经会阴三维超声诊断的相关性归纳综述,为临床中西医结合诊治压力性尿失禁提供新思路.

Abstract Background: Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a kind of functional gastrointestinal disorder with obscure pathogenesis, and exploration about differential gene expression and cell heterogeneity of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood in IBS-D patients still remains unknown. Clinicians tend to use symptomatic treatment, but the efficacy is unstable and symptoms are prone to relapse. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is used frequently in IBS-D with stable and lower adverse effects. Tong-Xie-An-Chang Decoction (TXACD) has been proven to be effective in the treatment of IBS-D. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanism remains unclear. This trial aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of TXACD in IBS-D and elucidate the gene-level mechanism of IBS-D and therapeutic targets of TXACD based on single-cell sequencing technology. Methods/design: This is a randomized controlled, double-blind, double-simulation clinical trial in which 72 eligible participants with IBS-D and TCM syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency will be randomly allocated in the ratio of 1:1 to two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group receives Tong-Xie-An-Chang Decoction (TXACD) and Pinaverium bromide tablets placebo; the control group receives pinaverium bromide tablets and TXACD placebo. Each group will be treated for 4 weeks. The primary outcome: the rate of IBS-Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS). The secondary outcomes: TCM syndrome score, adequate relief and IBS-Quality of Life Questionnaire (IBS-QOL). Mechanistic outcome is the single-cell sequencing profiling of the T lymphocytes in peripheral blood from IBS-D participants before and after the treatment and healthy individuals. Discussion: This trial will prove the efficacy and safety of TXACD with high-quality evidence and provide a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanism of IBS-D by single-cell sequencing profiling, which makes us pinpoint specific biomarkers of IBS-D and therapeutic targets of TXACD.

Aim This study aims to uncover the pharmacological mechanism of Tongxie Anchang Decoction (TXACD), a new and effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, for treating irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea predominant (IBS-D) using network pharmacology. Methods The active compounds and putative targets of TXACD were retrieved from TCMSP database and published literature; related target genes of IBS-D were retrieved from GeneCards; PPI network of the common target hub gene was constructed by STRING. Furthermore, these hub genes were analyzed using gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Results A total of 54 active compounds and 639 targets were identified through a database search. The compound-target network was constructed, and the key compounds were screened out according to the degree. By using the PPI and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, the pharmacological mechanism network of TXACD in the treatment of IBS-D was constructed. Conclusions This study revealed the possible mechanisms by which TXACD treatment alleviated IBS-D involvement in the modulation of multiple targets and multiple pathways, including the immune regulation, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. These findings provide novel insights into the regulatory role of TXACD in the prevention and treatment of IBS-D and hold promise for herb-based complementary and alternative therapy.

目的 探讨茵陈苓桂剂对高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪肝模型大鼠脂代谢及氧化应激的影响.方法 将60只SD大鼠随机分为正常组10只,造模组50只,正常组给予普通饲养,造模组给予高脂饲料.第8周末,造模组随机抽取2只大鼠做肝组织病理切片提示造模成功,将其随机分为多烯磷脂酰胆碱组,以及茵陈苓桂剂高、中、低剂量组,每组10只,剩余为模型组.各给药组给予相应药物灌胃治疗,正常组、模型组给予等体积蒸馏水,干预4周后,HE染色观察肝组织病理并计算非酒精性脂肪肝病活动度积分(NAFLD activity score,NAS),生化法检测血清天门冬氨酸基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC),ELISA测定血清及肝组织丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(super oxide dismutase,SOD)的水平.结果 (1)与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST、TC、TG水平显著升高(P＜0.01),大鼠血清、肝组织MDA水平均显著升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而SOD、GSH-PX水平降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).(2)与模型组比较,西药组与中药高、中剂量组大鼠血清ALT、AST、TC、TG水平均降低,中药低剂量组大鼠血清AST、TC显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).(3)与模型组比较,西药组与中药中、低剂量组血清、肝组织GSH-PX均升高(P＜0.01),西药组与中药低剂量组血清SOD升高(P＜0.05),而西药组肝组织SOD升高(P＜0.01),中药高剂量组血清、肝组织MDA降低(P＜0.05),GSH-PX及SOD水平升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).(4)与西药组比较,中药高剂量组血清、肝组织GSH-PX显著升高(P＜0.01).(5)肝组织病理结果发现:与模型组相比,各给药组肝组织脂肪变、炎细胞浸润、肝小叶结构均有所改善,NAS均降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 茵陈苓桂剂可有效调节非酒精性脂肪肝病大鼠的血脂和肝酶,降低大鼠血清、肝组织MDA水平,提高SOD、GSH-PX活性,因此能保护肝功能,调节脂代谢,改善肝脏病理损伤,减少脂质过氧化物的产生,增强抗氧化能力,从而恢复氧化—抗氧化系统平衡,这可能是其防治非酒精性脂肪肝病的作用机制之一.

心功能不全是慢性肾衰竭患者中较常见的一种并发症,同时也是慢性肾衰竭患者死亡的主要原因之一.事实上,在临床尚未出现心脏损害症状前,往往已经出现心脏结构、心功能异常.超声心动图的广泛应用为尿毒症性心脏病提供了具有量化意义的信息.实时三维超声心动图自动定量分析是超声诊断中的新技术,不但可以对心功能进行定性、定量分析,还可为瓣膜病、先天性心脏病等心脏疾病提供新的诊断依据,在各类心脏疾病的诊治及预后预测中发挥重要作用.

目的 探讨分析实时三维超声心动图评价终末期肾功能衰竭(肾衰)患者血液透析(血透)前后左、右心室功能的临床效果.方法 选择2017年10月至2019年10月于北京中医药大学东方医院接受血透治疗的58例患者为血透组,另选取同期60例健康体检者为对照组,血透组患者透析前、透析3个月后以及对照组均进行实时三维超声心动图检查,测定左、右心室功能的相关参数指标,包括左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左室每搏输出量(LVSV)、左室整体射血分数(LVEF)、左室局部射血分数(REF)、左室局部-整体射血分数(RGEF)、右室收缩末期容积(RVESV)、右室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、右室每搏输出量(RVSV)、右室射血分数(RVEF)、右室局部射血分数(rRVEF).结果 血透组患者透析前的LVESV、LVEDV、RVESV、RVEDV检测值显著大于对照组(P<0.05),且LVSV、RVSV、LVEF、REF、RGEF、RVEF明显低于对照组(P<0.05).血透组血透3个月后,血透组LVESV、LVEDV、LVSV、RVESV、RVEDV均较透析前有改善(P<0.05),但RVEF、RRVEF较透析前显著减少(P<0.05).经Spearman相关性分析发现,心血管不良事件发生与REF、rRVEF呈显著的正相关性(P<0.05).结论 血透治疗能够改善终末期肾衰患者的左心室功能,但其可对右心室收缩功能造成一定不良影响.实施三维超声心动图具有操作简单、快速、检查准确等优点,能够早期诊断终末期肾衰患者的整体心功能情况,并可具体定量评价到心室局部节段上,可预测心血管不良事件发生,为临床干预提供及时、准确的指导意见.

目的 探讨茵陈苓桂术甘汤治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的临床效果及作用机制.方法 选取2017年12月至2019年3月北京中医药大学东方医院收治的NASH患者100例,按随机数字表法分为对照组(49例,常规药物治疗)和观察组(51例,茵陈苓桂术甘汤+常规药物治疗),疗程12周.比较2组临床疗效、肝功能指标、血脂指标、氧化应激指标及血糖指标,并比较2组核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)/抗氧化反应原件(ARE)通路中相关通路蛋白基因表达情况及治疗期间的不良反应.结果 观察组总有效率明显高于对照组[92.2％(47/51)比75.5％(37/49)],差异有统计学意义(P=0.023).治疗后观察组天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平明显低于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).治疗后观察组丙二醛、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数明显低于对照组,超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).治疗后观察组Nrf2、血红素加氧酶1、醌氧化还原酶1的mRNA表达水平明显高于对照组[(7.5±2.4)比(5.2±2.0)、(11.5±3.7)比(9.1±3.8)、(10.2±2.6)比(8.1±2.4)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P=0.708).结论 茵陈苓桂术甘汤治疗NASH效果确切,可调节患者肝功能、血脂、血糖水平,并激活Nrf2/ARE信号通路来改善机体氧化应激能力,从而保护受损肝细胞.

现代社会节奏日益加快,脾胃病患病率逐年增加.谢春娥教授在传承董建华教授“通降论”基础上,结合自身30多年临床经验,创立了从郁论治胃食管反流病的特色诊疗思路,临床疗效甚佳.文章从疾病的病名、病因病机等分析入手,推导出谢春娥教授治疗本病特色诊疗原则,以“解郁”和“降逆”为主,方用香苏散加减.并例举典型医案进行具体用药分析,以期能更好地指导临床用药.

基于脑肠轴互动理论,探讨选择作用于肠神经系统而中枢神经刺激少的药物如普卢卡必利、雷莫司琼和抗抑郁药物治疗肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)的有效性和安全性,并从中医专家用药经验、中医临床研究方面阐述IBS的治疗进展.

目的:探讨乳腺增生患者的超声表现与中医体质类型的相关性.方法:随机选取2017年5月至2018年5月北京中医药大学附属东方医院乳腺外科门诊行乳腺癌体检筛查462例,依据筛查结果分为两组:一组乳腺增生组(病例组,250例),一组健康组(对照组,212例),统计分析两组人员的中医体质类型,然后分析乳腺增生患者的超声表现与中医体质类型的相关性.结果:病例组患者的中医体质类型中平和质、阳虚质、痰湿质、血瘀质、气郁质比例均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),湿热质比例显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但两组人员的气虚质、阴虚质、特禀质比例之间的差异均不显著(P>0.05).乳腺增生超声表现单纯增生型患者的中医体质类型主要为气郁质、气虚质,分别占总数的56.7％、23.3％;囊性增生型患者的中医体质类型主要为淤血质,占总数的22.5％;腺瘤样增生型患者的中医体质类型主要为痰湿质、气郁质,分别占总数的30.0％、26.7％;混合型患者的中医体质类型主要为气郁质、气虚质,分别占总数的23.3％、18.3％.结论:乳腺增生患者的超声表现与中医体质类型显著相关.

目的 分析基于PACS系统教学法在超声诊断学见习教学中的应用价值.方法 在超声诊断学的见习课教学中运用基于PACS系统见习教学法的班级为观察组,运用传统见习法的班级为对照组,每组20名学生.比较2组平时见习读图考试和期末读图考试成绩.结果 观察组平时见习考试成绩及期末考试成绩均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 在超声诊断学见习课中应用PACS系统教学效果优于传统见习教学法,值得推广.

目的 分析胃窗超声造影在胃石症诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2018年1月-2019年4月经胃镜诊断的18例胃石症患者的胃窗超声造影检查结果,以胃镜检查结果为标准,分析胃窗超声造影对胃石症诊断的准确性.结果 胃窗超声造影对胃石症的诊断准确率为100.0％(18/18).其中单发性结石16例,多发性结石2例;结石直径2～12 cm;伴慢性胃炎表现2例,伴胃小弯侧溃疡1例.结论 胃窗超声造影对胃石症的诊断价值与胃镜检查相当,且检查方法简单,无痛苦,值得临床推广.